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In many countries throughout the world the majority of enterprises are family ones. Particularities in the development and management of family enterprises create needs for special knowledge. Therefore, in providing knowledge to these enterprises consideration must be given to their complexity, which is derived from the involvement of a family in ownership and management. In this paper, we discuss the importance of knowledge created and transferred from external sources such as counselling, publications, and education and training programs. External sources of knowledge considering the unique characteristics of family enterprises are well developed in many countries with established market economies. In Slovenia and, we believe, in many other former socialist countries, such external sources of knowledge are rare and still developing. The results of our research in Slovenia show that more than two-thirds of family business owners-managers regard such sources of knowledge as unimportant. This paper analyzes the reasons for such a finding. 相似文献
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This paper analyses recent Slovenian primary school legislation and considers the new position for primary school teachers arising from it. Its building block is the belief that school and students cannot succeed without teachers who are dedicated, who believe in their work, and who are able and willing to make their own professional decisions and stand by them. In Slovenia, this means teachers have to learn to feel confident with their own decision making. In order to achieve this goal, however, future teachers have to be offered suitable and updated knowledge, which requires a more balanced mix of theoretical and practical courses in their study programme. In this context, the paper also outlines proposals for a restructuring of primary teachers' education and training in Slovenia generated by a Tempus project called the Restructuring Primary Teachers' Study Programme. Involved in the project have been the Faculty of Education at Ljubljana University, as the project co-ordinator, and the Faculties of Education of the University of Helsinki and of the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow. L'exposé présente des réflexions sur la situation mise en place et prescrite aux instituteurs par la législation relative à l'enseignement primaire de Slovénie. Il émane de la conviction que l'école et les élèves ne peuvent réussir sans le dévouement et la foi des instituteurs en leur travail, sans des instituteurs capables et prêts à prendre et à défendre des décisions professionnelles indépendantes. Dans notre cas, cela signifie que les instituteurs devraient avoir une plus grande confiance en soi lorsqu'ils prennent des décisions professionnelles indépendantes. Pour atteindre ce but, il est indispensable de leur fournir des connaissances appropriées et mises à jour, ce qui implique, dans notre cas concret, l'égalisation et l'harmonisation de la partie théorique académique et de la partie professionnelle pédagogique de leur formation. Dans le contexte de ces réflexions, des propositions de rénovation de la formation des instituteurs de l'enseignement primaire de Slovénie ont étérecueillies dans le cadre du Projet Tempus intitulé Restructuration du programme d'études des enseignants primaires. Outre la Faculté de Pédagogie de l'Universitéde Ljubljana, qui a assuréla coordination de ce projet, ont également participé à ce projet les Facultés de Pédagogie de l'Université d'Helsinki et de l'Universitéde Strathclyde à Glasgow. La ponencia presenta las reflexiones sobre la posición que brinda y prescribe a los maestros de primer ciclo de primaria la nueva legislación sobre la escuela primaria en Eslovenia. Se basa en la convicción de que la escuela y los alumnos no pueden alcanzar resultados positivos sin un maestro dedicado a su trabajo, que confía en él y estápreparado y dispuesto a tomar y a defender sus proprias decisiones profesionales. En nuestro caso esto significa que los maestros deberían tener más confianza en símismos en el momento de tomar sus proprias decisiones profesionales. Para la realización de este objetivo es necesario dar a los maestros un conocimiento actualizado correspondiente, lo que en nuestro caso concreto significa la necesidad de estabilizar el desequilibrio y la falta de coordinación entre las partes académicoteórica y pedagógico-profesional de su formación. En el marco de estas reflexiones se presentan las propuestas relativas a la renovación de la formación de maestros de primer ciclo de escuela primaria en Eslovenia. Estas propuestas son el resultado de la labor hecha en el marco del proyecto de Tempus Restructuring Primary Teachers' Study Programme. Además de la Facultad de Pedagogía de la Universidad de Ljubljana, coordinadora del proyecto, el proyecto contócon la participación de la Facultades de Educación de la Universidad de Helsinki y la Universidad de Strathclyde, Glasgow. Der Beitrag stellt einige Überlegungen über die durch die neue Schulge setzgebung geregelte Situation der Grundschullehrer in Slowenien dar. Er geht von der Überzeugung aus, daß ohne einen seiner Arbeit ergebenen und engagierten Lehrer, der in der Lage und bereit ist, selbständige fachbezogene Entscheidungen zu treffen und durchzusetzen, weder die Schule noch die Schüler erfolgreich sein können. In unserem Fall bedeutet das, daß Lehrer mehr Vertrauen zu ihren eigenen Entscheidungen entwickeln sollten. Um dieses Ziel zu verwirklichen, müssen ihnen angemessene, moderne Kenntnisse vermittelt werden, was eine ausgeglichenere Balance zwischen den akademisch-theoretischen und den pädagogisch-professionellen Anteilen ihrer Ausbildung erfordert. Als Folge dieser Überlegungen werden einige Vorschläge zur Erneuerung der Ausbildung für Grundschullehrer in Slowenien vorgestellt, die wir im Rahmen des Tempus Projekts unter dem Titel 'Restruktuierung des Studienprogramms für Grundschullehrer in Slowenien' formuliert haben. Am Projekt haben neben der Fakultät für Pädagogik der Universität in Ljubljana, die das Projekt koordiniert hat, auch die Fakultät für Lehrerausbildung der Universität in Helsinki und die Fakultät für Lehrerausbildung der Universität in Strathclyde, Glasgow, mitgearbeitet. 相似文献
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Teachers’ perceptions of the inclusion of marginalised groups 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper is based on the concept of inclusion as a process of recognising and minimising the barriers to learning and participation of all children, with teachers as the key players in implementing inclusion in practice. There are two key questions: (1) How do teachers rank different groups of marginalised children? (2) How do teachers see their own role, the role of the marginalised and other children, and their parents in the inclusion process? The groups included in the research were children with special needs, migrants from former Yugoslavia, Roma/Gypsies and children from poor families. In the latter group, it also looked at their counterparts, the children of wealthy parents. Research carried out on a representative sample of primary school teachers in Slovenia showed that children with special needs are among all surveyed groups of children those seen as the most helpless. For these children, teachers are also most likely to lower learning and discipline standards, while at the same time feeling the least qualified to teach them and seeing them also as having the lowest abilities. In the teachers’ opinion, parents of other children have the greatest reservations when their child associates with a Roma/Gypsy child, and teachers also put the least trust in Roma/Gypsy parents. 相似文献
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Curriculum Analysis of Food Safety Competences at Elementary and Upper‐Secondary Level of Formal Education Inside Food‐Related Programs in Slovenia 
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下载免费PDF全文 Since formal education is guided through food‐related curricula, there is a concern regarding to which extent food safety elements are supported in the current educational objectives presented in syllabi. The aim of this study was to analyze the existing food safety elements in the syllabi at the elementary (for students between 6 and 14 y of age) and upper‐secondary level (food‐related programs) of formal education (for students between 15 and 18 y of age). Analysis was done through predefined criteria, evaluating the educational objectives listed in available syllabi approved by the national government. The results revealed the elementary level as a good prestage for education at the next level concerning food safety elements. At the upper‐secondary level, the acquisition of knowledge and development of skills related to food safety elements of interest are well supported. However, based on frequent errors made by professional food handlers reported in the literature, the role of food handlers and their food safety awareness should receive more attention in the syllabi. To support this and to overcome a lack of educational objectives identified, several actions are suggested. Based on methodological recommendations for the teacher in the syllabi, the importance of qualified teachers was once again confirmed. Vocational schools are and will remain an indispensable pillar in the education of future professional food handlers; however, teachers with sufficient knowledge and a positive attitude toward food safety seems to be, besides quality curricula, one of the important factors in achieving the proper attitudes of people required to implement food safety. 相似文献
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Who is responsible for vulnerable pupils? The attitudes of teacher candidates in Serbia and Slovenia
In the ongoing trend towards inclusive education, initial teacher education programmes must ensure that prospective teachers are prepared to teach all pupils effectively. The study presented in this paper aimed to explore the attitudes of teacher candidates in Serbia and Slovenia towards responsibility for the teaching and learning of vulnerable pupils in mainstream elementary schools. Using a quantitative approach, the study sought to elicit teacher candidates’ views about division of responsibility for the academic achievement and additional support of vulnerable pupils and their views on the factors that most affect learning difficulties in those pupils. Our findings indicate that teacher candidates’ feelings of responsibility are unlikely to help when instructing vulnerable pupils. The implications of these findings are discussed and we suggest several ways to improve teacher education programmes to promote inclusive education based on the concept of quality education for all. 相似文献
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The research presented in this paper aims to challenge the belief held by some education professionals that Roma pupils do not value education. The research sample included groups of Roma pupils from two countries (Slovenia and Serbia) and from different socio-economic backgrounds. The results suggest that the majority of the pupils are aware of the importance of education. However, there are significant differences in their sense of identification with school. Roma pupils from families whose socio-economic background is comparable to that of the majority population are more appreciative of educational success, feel more accepted by teachers and classmates and are better able to connect education with their own lives. Roma pupils from families of lower socio-economic background associate school with failure, discrimination and rejection by teachers and classmates. Barriers to these pupils’ learning and social participation may be related to their tendency to drop out of the compulsory education. 相似文献
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When looking for answers to the question of academic (non)achievement of regular pupils and pupils with special needs, it is necessary to take into account the extraordinary complexity of factors, ranging from psychological across instructional to home environment variables. The academic achievement is not only a reflection of the pupil’s knowledge, but is also influenced by the pupil’s behaviour, the teacher’s expectations and finally the relationship established between the teacher and the pupil. This paper contributes answers to the question which of the traits, perceived by teachers, explain the academic achievements of regular pupils and pupils with special needs. Our analysis shows that perceived traits that explain the academic achievement of regular pupils refer to academic as well as social behaviour, disruptive behaviour and self-regulatory behaviour; therefore, they cover all areas of perceived traits we studied. In pupils with special needs as a whole and in particular groups of pupils with special needs, the factor which presents disruptive social behaviour proved as insignificant, which consequently means that the academic achievement of pupils with special needs depends more on academic and self-regulatory behaviour, task activity and social inclusion. 相似文献