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Koyama H Muraki Y Ae M 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2006,5(2):139-153
We investigated the immediate effects of the combined use of inclined and raised flat boards on the take-off motion of the long jump. Eight male long jumpers were videotaped with two high-speed video cameras (250 Hz) set perpendicular to the runway. The athletes jumped with three modified take-off boards: upward-inclined boards of two different inclinations (2.5 and 5.0 degrees), and a raised flat board (50 mm high). The jumpers performed pre- and post-jumps using their own techniques before and after use of the boards to test their effects. The post- jump revealed significantly less reduction in the horizontal velocity during the take-off than the pre-jump, and the effectiveness of converting the velocity from horizontal to vertical increased significantly in the post-jump. The post-jump demonstrated significantly less knee flexion of the take-off leg during take-off. The reduced knee flexion and slower extension velocity of the take-off leg in the second phase of the post-jump contributed to increasing the knee extension torque in the second phase and resulted in the increases in vertical ground reaction force and vertical velocity. These results suggest that the combined use of the inclined and raised flat boards induced immediate effective changes in the kinematics and kinetics of the take-off motion and represent appropriate training tools for take-off techniques of the long jump. 相似文献
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选取橡胶块胶板式、聚氨酯密封胶灌注式和双组分PU密封胶灌注式三种加载块与飞机结构模拟件粘接后,采用MTS810液压伺服疲劳试验机通过施加拉-压双向载荷的静强度和疲劳寿命试验方法完成了可行性研究,然后在某型飞机减速板进行了双向加载试验的考核验证,从而发展了一种施加拉-压双向载荷的试验方法。该方法能够满足复杂飞机结构静强度和疲劳试验中施加拉-压双向载荷的技术要求。试验结果表明,与传统加载所采用的胶布带相比,三种形式加载块的静强度、疲劳性能和加载速率均有明显提高。 相似文献
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Koyama H Muraki Y Ae M 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2005,4(2):113-129
In this study, we investigated the effects of inclined and raised flat boards on the take-off motion of the long jump to determine the effectiveness of these boards as training tools. Eight male long jumpers were videotaped with two high-speed video cameras (250 Hz) set perpendicular to the runway. Four different jumps were performed with in four conditions, all with their medium length run-up: a long jump with their normal technique, long jumps on upward inclined boards of two different inclinations (2.5 and 5.0 degrees), and a long jump on a raised flat board (0 degrees, 50 mm). The raised flat board enhanced the pivot of the body over the take-off foot, and reduced flexion of the take-off leg knee. However, the inclined boards did not produce the same effects as the raised flat board. The use of the inclined boards increased the vertical velocity of the centre of mass of the body at toe-off, resulting in increased airborne time. These results suggest that the raised flat board and inclined boards would be effective in improving long jumpers' techniques during the take-off and airborne phases. 相似文献
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Andrei L. Turinsky Elena Fanea Quang Trinh Stephen Wat Benedikt Hallgrímsson Xiaoli Dong Xueling Shu Julie N. Stromer Jonathan W. Hill Carol Edwards Brenda Grosenick Masumi Yajima Christoph W. Sensen 《Anatomical sciences education》2008,1(1):10-18
The authors have created a software system called the CAVEman, for the visual integration and exploration of heterogeneous anatomical and biomedical data. The CAVEman can be applied for both education and research tasks. The main component of the system is a three‐dimensional digital atlas of the adult male human anatomy, structured according to the nomenclature of Terminologia Anatomica. The underlying data‐indexing mechanism uses standard ontologies to map a range of biomedical data types onto the atlas. The CAVEman system is now used to visualize genetic processes in the context of the human anatomy and to facilitate visual exploration of the data. Through the use of Java? software, the atlas‐based system is portable to virtually any computer environment, including personal computers and workstations. Existing Java tools for biomedical data analysis have been incorporated into the system. The affordability of virtual‐reality installations has increased dramatically over the last several years. This creates new opportunities for educational scenarios that model important processes in a patient's body, including gene expression patterns, metabolic activity, the effects of interventions such as drug treatments, and eventually surgical simulations. Anat Sci Ed 1:10–18, 2008. © 2007 American Association of Anatomists. 相似文献
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