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Masafumi Koyama Kazuhiro Morita Masao Fuketa Jun-Ichi Aoe 《Information processing & management》1998,34(6):761-773
Case structures are useful for natural language systems, such as word selection of machine translation systems, query understanding of natural language interfaces, meaning disambiguation of sentences and context analyses and so on. The case slot is generally constrained by hierarchical concepts because they are simple knowledge representations. With growing hierarchical structures, they are deeper and the number of concepts to be corresponded to one word increases. From these reasons, it takes a lot of cost to determine whether a concept for a given word is a sub-concept for concepting the case slot or not. This paper presents a faster method to determine the hierarchical relationships by using trie structures. The worst-case time complexity of determining relationships by the presented method could be remarkably improved for the one of linear (or sequential) searching, which depends on the number of concepts in the slot. From the simulation result, it is shown that the presented algorithm is 6 to 30 times faster than linear searching, while keeping the smaller size of tries. 相似文献
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Masafumi Terada Kyle B.Kosik Ryan S.McCann Colin Drinkard Phillip A.Gribble 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2022,11(1):58-66
Purpose:The aim of the study was to determine whether corticospinal excitability and inhibition of the tibialis anterior during single-leg standing differs among individuals with chronic ankle instability(CAI),lateral ankle sprain copers,and healthy controls.Methods:Twenty-three participants with CAI,23 lateral ankle sprain copers,and 24 healthy control participants volunteered.Active motor threshold(AMT),normalized motor-evoked potential(MEP),and cortical silent period(CSP)were evaluated by transcranial magnetic stimulation while participants performed a single-leg standing task.Results:Participants with CAI had significantly longer CSP at 100%of AMT and lower normalized MEP at 120%of AMT compared to lateral ankle sprain copers(CSP100%:p=0.003;MEP120%:p=0.044)and controls(CSP100%:p=0.041;MEP120%:p=0.006).Conclusion:This investigation demonstrate altered corticospinal excitability and inhibition of the tibialis anterior during single-leg standing in participants with CAI.Further research is needed to examine the effects of corticospinal maladaptations to motor control of the tibial anterior on postural control performance in those with CAI. 相似文献
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Masafumi Terada Lindsay M. Ball Brian G. Pietrosimone 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(2):171-180
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of the combination of chronic ankle instability (CAI) and altered visual focus on strategies for dynamic stability during a drop-jump task. Nineteen participants with self-reported CAI and 19 healthy participants performed a drop-jump task in looking-up and looking-down conditions. For the looking-up condition, participants looked up and read a random number that flashed on a computer monitor. For the looking-down condition, participants focused their vision on the force plate. Sagittal- and frontal-plane kinematics in the hip, knee and ankle were calculated at the time points of 100 ms pre-initial foot contact to ground and at IC. The resultant vector time to stabilisation was calculated with ground reaction force data. The CAI group demonstrated less hip flexion at the point of 100 ms pre-initial contact (P < 0.01), and less hip flexion (P = 0.03) and knee flexion at initial contact (P = 0.047) compared to controls. No differences in kinematics or dynamic stability were observed in either looking-up or looking-down conditions (P > 0.05). Altered visual focus did not influence movement patterns during the drop-jump task, but the presence of CAI did. The current data suggests that centrally mediated changes associated with CAI may lead to global alterations in the sensorimotor control. 相似文献
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