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Danuta A. Nitecki 《Archival Science》2004,4(1-2):17-44
Evaluators of library programs have different perspectives on why to conduct an evaluation and also how to do so. The author
suggests that a minimal approach to conducting a library program evaluation is to prove that the program exists. But this
perspective has expanded to include different degrees of interest in the client and operations, culminating in a combined
focus that leads evaluators to conduct outcome assessments. The chapter includes speculation on what motivates managers to
undertake an evaluation, a review of some ways that library evaluations are conducted, and a discussion of several examples
of program evaluations. Though there are not single directives for undertaking a library program evaluation, there are a variety
of tools and advice to entice librarians to do more of them as a way to improve understanding the value of a library to its
clientele and in society. 相似文献
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Danuta Ro?? Przemys?aw Adamczyk Joanna Boinska Robert Szafkowski Irena Ponikowska Katarzyna Stankowska Barbara Góralczyk Barbara Ruszkowska-Ciastek 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2015,16(5):404-411
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the degree of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in patients with morbid obesity exposed to a three-week low-calorie diet and balneotherapy.Methods
The study included 33 patients (25 females and 8 males; mean age 46 years) with body mass index (BMI) values of >40 kg/m2. Evaluations of CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, lipid profile, HOMA-IR, and fasting glucose were carried out before (baseline data) and three weeks after the treatment. The control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers (15 females and 5 males) with a mean age of 39 years and BMI values of ≤24.9 kg/m2.Results
In the blood of patients with morbid obesity we found significantly elevated levels of CRP, TNF-α, triglycerides, HOMA-IR and fasting glucose, but a decreased level of high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, compared with the healthy individuals. The treatment resulted in about a 9.4% reduction in body weight from 122.5 to 111.0 kg and a significant decrease in the concentration of CRP, but no change in TNF-α or IL-6. HOMA-IR was significantly reduced.Conclusion
The decrease in CRP level without changes in TNF-α or IL-6 concentrations after the low-calorie diet and balneological treatment, suggests that an essential amount of adipose tissue must be removed before proper adipocyte function is restored. The decrease in HOMA-IR indicates an improvement in insulin sensitivity, which is beneficial in obese patients.3.
Ruszkowska B Gadomska G Bielis L Gruszka M Góralczyk B Rość D Odrowąż-Sypniewska G 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2011,12(1):12-17
Objective
The influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on hemostasis processes depends on the type of hormone, the combination of doses, the time of taking HRT, and the route of administration (oral, transdermal, implanted). The aim of the current study was to assess some parameters of coagulation, especially tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and tissue factor (TF) in postmenopausal women using oral or transdermal HRT. 相似文献4.
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Tertiary Education and Management - Competences are the most important career capital a university graduate can have. The objective of the paper is to determine which competences acquired at... 相似文献
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Barbara RUSZKOWSKA-CIASTEK Alina SOKUP Tomasz WERNIK Zofia RUPRECHT Barbara GóRALCZYK Krzysztof GóRALCZYK Grazyna GADOMSKA Danuta RO 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2015,16(5):355-361
目的:评估可溶性血管细胞间黏附分子(s VCAM-1)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子(s ICAM-1)、可溶性选择素E和可溶性血栓调节蛋白在血糖控制良好和不受控制的2型糖尿病患者中的水平。创新点:对2型糖尿病患者的血管内皮炎症标记物进行评估。方法:62例糖尿病患者分成两组:第一组包括35个血糖控制良好的糖尿病患者,第二组包括27个未控制血糖并伴有微蛋白尿的糖尿病患者。对照组由25名健康志愿者组成。测定血浆中s VCAM-1、s ICAM-1、可溶性选择素E和可溶性血栓调节蛋白的浓度,同时测定血清肌酐及血浆中空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)的浓度。结论:与血糖控制良好的糖尿病组相比,未控制血糖组具有相对低的ICAM-1水平和更高的VCAM-1水平。未控制血糖组中患者的糖化血红蛋白和ICAM-1之间呈正相关,肾小球滤过率和可溶性选择素E之间呈正相关,而肌酐和ICAM-1之间呈负相关。研究证实2型糖尿病的发病机理中炎症过程的出现与血管内皮功能受损有关。未受控制的高血糖对粘附分子的反向作用表明,在糖尿病的并发症中VCAM-1和ICAM-1具有不同功能。 相似文献
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