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1.
Chinese business education differs from British business education in many respects. On the whole, it focuses on the acquisition of theoretical knowledge, whereas British business education places far more emphasis on soft management skills and team-work. This paper examines a split-site business degree program offered by a Chinese international school and a British business school, and explores the attitudes and expectations of the Chinese participants and their Chinese and British lecturers from an “English for specific purposes” perspective. The study conducted classroom observation, semi-structured interviews, and a questionaire survey, and identifies areas of difficulty for Chinese business students in the UK, in particular regarding their beliefs about teacher and student roles, their learning priorities and learning strategies, and their “goal-oriented” approach to discussion, which is at odds with the more collaborative and exploratory Western discussion strategies. The findings have implications for pre-sessional and in-sessional English course design, the management of split-site business degree programs, the teaching of Chinese students, and the enhancement of learning experiences generally in international business programs.  相似文献   
2.
Thermo-mechanical behaviour of floating energy pile groups in sand   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This paper presents the experimental results of small-scale model tests of an instrumented floating energy pile group in which the piles were embedded in dry medium-dense sand and subjected to the seasonal temperature pattern of the city of Nanjing in China. The study also included a model test to assess the effect of including nonthermal piles on the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the floating energy pile group. For comparison, a model test of a single floating energy pile embedded in the same soil and subjected to a similar temperature pattern was also conducted. The results show that the thermo-mechanical behaviour of an energy pile group is different from that of a single energy pile in terms of the thermally induced change in axial pile stress and the displacement of the pile top and tip. This difference in behaviour could be explained by the higher lateral confining pressure expected on a single pile than on a pile in a group due to pile interaction effects, which could lead to different end restraint boundary conditions. We conclude that the thermo-mechanical behaviour of an energy pile is controlled mainly by the end restraint boundary conditions.  相似文献   
3.
The low temperature plume exhausted from a cryogenic wind tunnel may sink down, posing a severe threat to public health and safety. Quantitative risk assessment of cryogenic plume flow behavior therefore plays an important role in the design and optimization of a cryogenic wind tunnel. A numerical model with a modified Hertz-Knudsen relation considering the phase change physics of the small quantity of water involved is applied to analyze the dispersion of the low temperature nitrogen plume exhausted from a 0.3 m cryogenic wind tunnel. The homogeneous multiphase flow is modeled using the single-fluid mixture model. A model validation is presented for the exhaust plume from the US National Transonic Facility (NTF). The predicted results are found to be better than those predicted by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s two-stage analytical model. The influences of the environmental wind speed, the environmental wind temperature, the relative humidity, and the exhaust flow rate, on low temperature nitrogen plume dispersion are obtained. In particular, the parametric sensitivities of different influence factors are analyzed. The environmental wind temperature and the exhaust flow rate of the nitrogen gas have greater impact on the temperature of the plume near the ground than do the environmental wind speed and the relative humidity. The exhaust flow rate of the nitrogen gas has greater impact on the oxygen concentration near the ground than does the environmental wind speed, while the environmental wind temperature and the relative humidity have negligible impacts. The results provide guidance on the operation and design improvement of a cryogenic gaseous nitrogen discharge system to avoid its potential hazards.  相似文献   
4.
In this study, we present a thermal optimization method using the overall lumped parameter (LP) and partial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling for a 600-kW permanent magnet traction motor developed for high-speed trains. The motor is totally enclosed forced ventilated to achieve high power density, high efficiency, and low maintenance requirements. Considering the electro-magnetic performance, bogie space, and thermal capacity, we propose a ventilation structure with zigzag plates in sector cross-section. We focus particularly on the ventilation channels and propose an overall LP model for thermal optimization, in which the full consideration of the influence of turbulent flow is given by using a partial CFD model. Given the specific critical parameters from the optimization results, we present a complete 3D CFD model of the whole motor to obtain an accurate temperature distribution and the maximum temperature rises in local points. The benefit of zigzag plates is studied extensively using both the LP and the complete CFD models and the results are verified by equivalent thermal experiments under rated operations. Experimental results indicate that the ventilation structure fulfills the normal operational demands of high-speed trains by improving thermal performance by more than 15%. Additionally, we propose an engineering method to estimate iron loss constraint with the complete CFD model to guide the control system design.  相似文献   
5.
The turn to oral history in Qatar and the Arabian (also known as Persian) Gulf is not a rejection of traditional archival authority as has been the case in other parts of the world. In the Gulf, oral history has been embraced out of a desire to fill the silences of the largely unwritten record attributable to previous low levels of literacy and strong oral traditions in the region. Today, oral history is seen as the best method to capture details about traditional ways of life during the pre-oil era. After discussing archival concerns about the evidentiary nature of oral histories, this paper explores how it has come to be a crucial documentation tool in the Gulf, adapted to the specific nation building and cultural heritage priorities of the region.  相似文献   
6.
Marc Torka 《Minerva》2018,56(1):59-83
Funding is an important mechanism for exercising influence over ever more parts of academic systems. In order to do so, funding agencies attempt to export their functional and normative prerequisites for financing to new fields. One essential requirement for fundees is then to construct research processes in the form of a project beforehand, one that is limited in time, scope and content. This article demonstrates how the public funding of doctoral programs expands this model of project research from experienced academics to the socialization process for the new academic generation. This process of “projectification” underlies funding-driven institutional changes in doctoral training. A multi-level comparative study of German policies, funding mechanisms and organizational frameworks for doctoral training demonstrates the emergence of a specific model of predefined PhD projects. The investigation of doctoral training practices reveals that socio-epistemic preconditions regulate whether research fields adopted or rejected this demanding model. This result contradicts widespread claims about a radical change in doctoral training and suggests focusing on the actual practices of field-specific doctoral research.  相似文献   
7.
This article provides an empirical investigation of the effects of the ownership and organizational structure on the performance of cultural institutions. More specifically, we consider how museums are effective in their function of disseminating culture to audiences and contributing to the local development. By exploiting a unique data set based on the 2011 census of Italian museums, we develop performance indices of accessibility, visitors’ experience, web visibility and promotion of the local cultural context. Using count data models, we regress such measures on the type of organization. We distinguish between governmental museums, public museums whose administration is either outsourced or has financial autonomy and private museums. We control for the most salient characteristics of a museum, competition pressure and some proxies of potential audience. Our evidence shows that private museums, public museums with financial autonomy and outsourced museums outperform public museums run as sub-units of culture departments. This paper contributes to the cultural economics and public policy and administration literature by adding insights into the effect of outsourcing and administrative decentralization in the public cultural sector.  相似文献   
8.
This research examines the impact of lecturer-student exchange (student-LMX) on engagement, course satisfaction, achievement, and intention to leave university prematurely for 363 students in one Australian university. Survey and grade point average (GPA) data were collected from domestic undergraduate first- and second-year students and analysed using structural equation modelling. The results indicated that student’s levels of engagement and course satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between student-LMX and intention to leave university, when demographic and socio-economic factors were controlled for. In an era when low student engagement and attrition is often attributed to individual demographic factors, and lecturers are under increasing threat of being replaced by technology, this research offers compelling evidence regarding the role of lecturer-student relationships in enhancing tertiary student outcomes.  相似文献   
9.
Black female educators played a vital role in segregated schools prior to the 1954 landmark Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. Despite their notable and historic presence in the field of public education, presently they are disproportionately underrepresented in the U.S. teacher workforce. Acknowledging the shortage of Black female teachers in K-12 classrooms, the purpose of this qualitative study is to explore why Black female educators teach in urban schools. By examining Black female educators’ initial draw to urban schools in what I conceptualized as the urban factor, I hope to reframe the implicit biases often surrounding urban schools. Concluding, three themes emerged about Black female teachers’ thoughts on and preferences for urban schools, with additional unexpected findings about their perceptions of student behavior and teacher retention.  相似文献   
10.
Recent European research has revealed growth in the number of administrators and professionals across different sections of universities—a long established trend in US universities. We build on this research by investigating the factors associated with variation in the proportion of administrators across 761 Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in 11 European countries. We argue that the enactment of expanded and diversified missions of HE is one of the main factors nurturing universities’ profesional and administrative bodies. Our findings support such an assertion; regardless of geographical and institutional differences, HEIs with high levels of “entrepreneurialism” (e.g. in service provision and external engagement) are characterized by a larger proportion of administrative staff. However, we find no empirical support for arguments citing structural pressures and demands on HEIs due to higher student enrolments, budget cuts or deregulation as engines driving such change. Instead, our results point towards, as argued by neo-institutionalists, the diffusion of formal organization as a model of institutional identity and purpose, which is especially prevalent at high levels of external connectedness.  相似文献   
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