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1.
为了提高学生实验能力,培养学生创新精神,研究了物理实验教学方法,提出了改革方案。  相似文献   
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Web & wild     
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Knowledge Management Research & Practice - Knowledge is a very important resource for preserving valuable heritage, learning new things, solving problems, creating core competences, and...  相似文献   
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OBJECTIVE: Child maltreatment has been linked to negative adult health outcomes; however, much past research includes only clinical samples of women, focuses exclusively on sexual abuse and/or fails to control for family background and childhood characteristics, both potential confounders. Further research is needed to obtain accurate, generalizable estimates and to educate clinicians who are generally unaware of the link between childhood abuse and adult health. The purpose of this project is to examine how childhood physical abuse by parents impacts mid-life mental and physical health, and to explore the attenuating effect of family background and childhood adversities. METHODS: We analyzed population-based survey data from over 2,000 middle-aged men and women in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study using self-reported measures of parental childhood physical abuse, mental health (depression, anxiety, anger), physical health (physical symptoms and medical diagnoses), family background, and childhood adversities. RESULTS: Parental physical abuse was reported by 11.4% of respondents (10.6% of males and 12.1% of females). In multivariate models controlling for age, sex, childhood adversities, and family background, we found that childhood physical abuse predicted a graded increase in depression, anxiety, anger, physical symptoms, and medical diagnoses. Childhood physical abuse also predicted severe ill health and an array of specific medical diagnoses and physical symptoms. Family background and childhood adversities attenuated but did not eliminate the childhood abuse/adult health relationship. CONCLUSIONS: In a population-based cohort of middle-aged men and women, childhood physical abuse predicted worse mental and physical health decades after the abuse. These effects were attenuated, but not eliminated, by age, sex, family background, and childhood adversities.  相似文献   
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The potential of computer-based assessments for capturing complex learning outcomes has been discussed; however, relatively little is understood about how to leverage such potential for summative and accountability purposes. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a multimedia-based assessment of scientific inquiry abilities (MASIA) to cover a more comprehensive construct of inquiry abilities and target secondary school students in different grades while this potential is leveraged. We implemented five steps derived from the construct modeling approach to design MASIA. During the implementation, multiple sources of evidence were collected in the steps of pilot testing and Rasch modeling to support the validity of MASIA. Particularly, through the participation of 1,066 8th and 11th graders, MASIA showed satisfactory psychometric properties to discriminate students with different levels of inquiry abilities in 101 items in 29 tasks when Rasch models were applied. Additionally, the Wright map indicated that MASIA offered accurate information about students’ inquiry abilities because of the comparability of the distributions of student abilities and item difficulties. The analysis results also suggested that MASIA offered precise measures of inquiry abilities when the components (questioning, experimenting, analyzing, and explaining) were regarded as a coherent construct. Finally, the increased mean difficulty thresholds of item responses along with three performance levels across all sub-abilities supported the alignment between our scoring rubrics and our inquiry framework. Together with other sources of validity in the pilot testing, the results offered evidence to support the validity of MASIA.  相似文献   
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To stand up for the brands they support, members of brand communities develop “oppositional brand loyalty” towards other rival brands. This study identifies how the interaction characteristics of brand community affect the perceived benefits of community members, and whether the perceived benefits cause members to develop community commitment, as well as the relationship between community commitment and oppositional brand loyalty. This study examined members of online automobile communities in Taiwan, and obtained a total of 283 valid samples. The analytical results reveal that interaction characteristics of brand community make members perceive many benefits, with “brand community engagement” being the most noticeable. Furthermore, hedonic, social, and learning benefits are the main factors to form community commitments. When members have community commitments, they will form oppositional brand loyalty to other rival brands. Based on the analytical results, this study provides suggestions to enterprises regarding online brand community operations.  相似文献   
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【目的】以Journal of Environmental Sciences(JES)获得中国科技期刊国际影响力提升计划A类资助为契机,探索提升JES国际影响力的方法。【方法】分析JCR数据和JES发表数据,学习优秀国际期刊办刊经验,结合办刊实践,探索一条提升期刊国际影响力的道路。【结果】JES在编委会组建、期刊质量、国际化的投审稿系统及品牌形象等方面,进行全方位的设计与改革,取得了一定成效。【结论】以品牌建设为核心,加强期刊宣传,吸收优秀稿源,提升期刊国际影响力。  相似文献   
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We investigated joint coordination differences between Taekwondo back kicks and jumping back kicks, and how jumping (in performing the latter) would alter engaging ground reaction forces (GRF) in executing kicking. Ten skilful athletes volunteered to perform both kinds of kicking within the shortest time for three successful trials. Three high-speed cameras and two force platforms were used for data collection, and the trial with the shortest execution time was selected for analysis. Movements were divided into the rotation and attack phases. With comparable execution time and maximum joint linear/angular speeds, back kicks and jumping back kicks differ mainly in larger GRF in the latter, and in greater target acceleration in the former probably because the support leg prevented athletes’ rebounding after impact. In addition, more prominent antiphase and in-phase coordination between the shoulder segment and knee joint, and elongated rotation phase were found in jumping back kicks. Larger GRF values in jumping back kicks were generated for jump take-off rather than for a more powerful attack. In back kicks although the support leg remained ground contact, greatly decreased GRF in the attack phase suggested that the support leg mainly served as a rotation axis.  相似文献   
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博士生群体构成的日益多样化呼唤博士生培养模式的变革。当前博士生课程存在学生参与度低等问题,其合理性正面临挑战。对我国三所“双一流”高校教育学专业博士生的深度访谈发现,课程制度设计的模糊性与有限性导致学生选课决策更多表现为既定约束下的次优博弈。此种选课机制与课程教学质量的不确定性相结合,最终引致学生课堂参与行为的分异。博士生通过旁听、权变等非制度化实践,一定程度上彰显了学习者在教育场域中的能动性。未来,有必要增加博士生课程制度的弹性,重申有效互动的价值。  相似文献   
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