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1.
Authentic workplace experience is becoming increasingly challenging to provide for students. Simulation represents an effective pedagogical strategy for communication competency development in preparation for, or in lieu of clinical placements/practicums. The case study represents an innovative approach to simulating aspects of a pharmacy practice when insufficient placements were available. Prior to undertaking a three-week placement, a cohort of Master of Pharmacy (MPharm) students (N?=?95) completed two four-hour simulated learning modules (SLMs). Each of the six SLMs addressed interpersonally challenging, commonly experienced pharmacy practice scenarios generated by pharmacists/pharmacy educators. Scenarios, underpinned by the Excellence in Cultural Experiential Learning and Leadership (EXCELL) model, included schemas called Social Interaction Maps (SIMs), and involved interacting with trained actors. EXCELL is an evidence-based, professional development resource centred on learning generic social competencies including participating in a team, refusing a request and giving feedback. Evaluations comprised students’ survey responses collected before, during and after SLM workshops and pharmacy placements, and reflections from workshop facilitators. Students reported significant improvements in their overall communication competencies post-workshops and post-placement. Facilitators rated SLMs as a useful strategy to improve students’ communication competence and workplace readiness. Future curriculum development could benefit from including discipline-specific, interpersonally challenging SLMs using SIMs and actors (where possible) to simulate workplace interactions. 相似文献
2.
Lily Yee-Sheung Wong Loh Mei Yoke Ng Lay Pheng Mak Wai Han 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》1992,12(2):26-34
Research on the facilitative effect of diagrams on solving mathematics problems is both inconsistent and inconclusive. This study investigates the effects of diagrams on 124 Singaporean pupils in three classes: Primary One and three, and Secondary One. Pupils' performance was measured with the use of teacher-written mathematics problems in the form of worksheets. Number of errors made on problems accompanied with and without diagrams were compared. Whether or not pupils benefit from diagrams was estimated by their patterns of errors made in the presence or absence of diagrams. Results both confirm and disconfirm previous findings and shed further light on the use of diagrams in mathematics. 相似文献
3.
The report is a translation of part of a Swedish paper entitled “On Students' Achievement in Mathematics after Finishing Comprehensive School”. The intention of the investigation was to - diagnose the retention of some basic skills in some topics in algebra and geometry, - reveal difficult steps in the learning processes in these topics. Starting with a complicated question, e.g. the equation \(\frac{{3x - 2}}{2} = \frac{x}{3}\) a sequence consisting of 5–15 problems were constructed. Each new problem followed by the preceding one by taking away one or two details. \(\begin{gathered} 3(3x - 2) = 2x \\ {\text{ 9}}x - 6 = 2x \\ {\text{ 7}}x - 6 = 0 \\ {\text{ 7}}x = 6 \\ \end{gathered} \) is an example of a sequence belonging to the equation above. From about 10 complicated problems (“top-items”) and their sequences, in all 130 items, 10 sub-tests were put together in such a way that the pupils who took the test were not aware of the sequences but found no connection between the problems. Many surprising results were found, e.g., that the students scored higher on 14/(x+2)=2 than on 4/x=3, that the difficulty in finding the area of a triangle depended on the position of the triangle and that the problems “Simplify a/a 2, a2/a, a/a” were of quite unequal difficulty. A discussion about the students' thinking in patterns and mechanically learning ends the report. 相似文献
4.
Soi-kei Mak Kwok-cheung Cheung Kaycheng Soh Pou-seong Sit Man-kai Ieong 《教育心理学》2017,37(10):1206-1221
Enjoyment of reading, diversity of reading and metacognitive awareness of reading strategies are cognitive and affective variables pertaining to three facets of reading engagement for students to read happily, widely and skilfully. These have been found to be related to effectiveness in reading instruction. They together form a focus for this study to examine the underlying student- and across-level mechanisms to explain gender differences in reading performance of Macao students. Drawing data from Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2009 Study, the mediation effects of gender and the school’s gender composition on reading performance are analysed. Two findings are of both theoretical and pedagogical interests. Firstly, the three facets of reading engagement from the nurture perspective explain substantially the within-school gender gap. Secondly, in coeducation context where students read happily and skilfully, there are gender-specific peer influences across-level onto student reading performance. Implications for gender-inclusive reading instruction programmes are discussed. 相似文献
5.
Lei Chang Miranda C. K. Mak Tong Li Bao Pei Wu Bin Bin Chen Hui Jing Lu 《Educational Psychology Review》2011,23(1):99-129
Much research has been conducted to document and sometimes to provide proximate explanations (e.g., Confucianism vs. Western
philosophy) for East–West cultural differences. The ultimate evolutionary mechanisms underlying these cross-cultural differences
have not been addressed. We propose in this review that East–West cultural differences (e.g., independent versus interdependent
self construal; autonomy versus harmony in values; hierarchical versus egalitarian relationships) result from social learning
and individual learning as primary means to adapt to the local environment. Historical and contemporary evidence from multiple
sources is reviewed that indicates smaller extents of environmental variability in East Asia including China than in Europe
and North America, favoring social learning in the East and individual learning in the West. Corresponding to these different
adaptive strategies, East–West differences stem from learning styles that differ between copying and rote memorization, on
the one hand, and critical thinking and innovative problem solving, on the other hand. These primary cultural differences
are correlated with such personality attributes as conformity, compliance, and independence that serve to facilitate social
or individual learning. This and other cross-cultural and educational psychological research is reviewed as evidence to support
our evolutionary explanation of why Eastern and Western cultures differ in the ways in which they do. 相似文献
6.
Sylvia Chong Jerome Rotgans Wai Mun Loh Mabelene Mak 《Educational Research and Evaluation》2013,19(3):231-244
The school and especially the school leader's perceptions of a teacher's efficacy have influence on aspects of teaching ratings and performance, and this may facilitate or hinder beginning teacher success. This study examines the school leaders' perceptions of their beginning teachers' efficacy. The study's scope of teacher efficacy is multidimensional to include the beginning teachers' Teaching Competencies, sense of Professionalism, and Professional Identity. Of interest is the interconnectedness of these variables that contribute to the school leaders' perception. A total of 256 school leaders responded to a survey on beginning teachers' efficacy. A hypothesized model was tested. According to the analysis, while Teaching Competencies and Professional Identity did not have a significant direct impact, they each did have a significant indirect effect on perceived efficacy. 相似文献
7.
Peter W.H. Lee Felice Lieh Mak 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1984,31(2):128-133
The usefulness of the construct of locus of control in increasing understanding of the adjustment and task performance of physically handicapped children is experimentally demonstrated. Thirty‐six physically handicapped children were assigned to internal and external groups on the basis of their scores on the Nowicki‐Strickland Locus of Control Scale. Comparison of data from teachers' ratings, arithmetic performance and accuracy and choice of distance on a ball‐throw task revealed that, despite comparable intellectual ability, internals significantly exceeded externals in teachers' ratings and arithmetic performance; differences on the ball‐throw task, however, were not significant. Results are discussed in terms of locus of control and intervention possibilities for physically handicapped children. 相似文献
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This paper reports on some aspects of a refresher training program for experienced physics teachers that is based on Dewey's idea of reflective teaching. The program introduces experienced teachers to a reflective lesson planning model, and a more constructivist approach to physics teaching, and provides them with the opportunity to develop and experience their own strategies during micro-teaching sessions. Three instructional strategies developed by participants in the program and the corresponding suggestions/comments made by their peers in follow-up discussions are presented and analyzed in this paper. The authors, who have coordinated or taught the course, are convinced that the program provides considerable impetus for experienced teachers to redevelop their innovative capacity. 相似文献
10.
Fraide A. Ganotice Jr. Kevin Downing Teresa Mak Barbara Chan Wai Yip Lee 《Educational studies》2017,43(1):51-66
Dialogic reading (DR) has been identified as an effective strategy for enhancing children’s literacy skills in Western and Asian contexts. Given that storytelling is a shared experience between adults and children, parent–child relationships is hypothesised to be enhanced by DR. Despite this possibility, there has been no systematic attempt to examine the possible impacts of DR on the parent–child relationship. This study bridges this gap in the literature by studying the relationship between adults and children before and after training in the practice of dialogic reading techniques. Forty-eight Cantonese-speaking parents with children aged between 3 and 12 were recruited from schools. They were assessed prior to and after undergoing a four-hour dialogic reading training programme with a two-hour follow-up session using the Parent–Child Relationship Inventory. The results of this study suggest that DR has considerable potential for improving parent–child relationships. The findings are discussed in relation to the situation of Chinese learners in the Hong Kong context. 相似文献