LARA—Open access to scientific and technical reports     

Christiane Stock  Emmanuelle Rocklin  Aurélie Cordier 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2006,22(1):42-51

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ADORNO AND THE BORDERS OF EXPERIENCE: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NONIDENTICAL FOR A "DIFFERENT" THEORY OF BILDUNG     

Christiane Thompson 《Educational theory》2006,56(1):69-87

A bstract .  In this essay Christiane Thompson discusses the systematic outcomes of Theodor Adorno's philosophical work for a reworked theory of Bildung (an important term in the German tradition of philosophy and history of education). In his essay "Theory of Halbbildung ," Adorno revealed the inevitable failure of Bildung , on the one hand, and the necessity of Bildung (in view of a critique of society), on the other. After having exposed this contradiction, Thompson seeks to analyze Bildung 's systematic role by turning to Adorno's reflections on art and metaphysics. Adorno's concept of aesthetic experience hints at the possibility of a more genuine approach to Bildung and culture, one that makes the borders of our experience visible and, as a result, suggests a different relation to ourselves and to the world. She concludes by examining the critical dimensions of this different Bildung as well as its pedagogical relevance.  相似文献   

Does maternal employment influence poor children’s social development?     

Bruce Fuller  Gretchen Caspary  Sharon Lynn Kagan  Christiane Gauthier  Danny Shih-Cheng Huang  Judith Carroll  Jan McCarthy 《Early childhood research quarterly》2002,17(4):240

Various initiatives over the past 40 years have aimed to strengthen children’s early learning and social development. One policy theory—manifest in recent welfare reforms—postulates that requiring single mothers to work more outside the home will advance children’s well-being. We first examine whether young children’s social development is related to maternal employment among 405 women who entered welfare-to-work programs in 1998. For girls, age 24–42 months, we found that their mother’s recent employment duration was significantly associated with a lower incidence of aggressive behavior and inattentiveness, measured by two scales from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 2/3). Yet these relationships with employment were weaker than more robust associations observed for proximal child-rearing practices, including the frequency of reading with the child, enforcing a regular bedtime, the propensity to spank the child, as well as levels of maternal depression. We then assess whether broader measures of the mother’s economic security help to predict these proximal determinants of development. We observed that food security and indicators of job quality consistently predicted the proximal factors. Structural equation models (SEM) provided additional evidence that these broader indicators of economic security, but not recent employment per se, operated through parenting practices and maternal depression to influence girls’ and boys’ social development. These results are consistent with recent findings from random-assignment experiments, showing that employment gains rarely affect child outcomes unless mothers’ income and broader economic security also improve.  相似文献   

Fundamental movement skill performance of preschool children in relation to family context     

Cools W  De Martelaer K  Samaey C  Andries C 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(7):649-660

Evidence suggests the development of fundamental movement skill (FMS) is a key factor in promoting long-term physical activity. Low levels of activity among preschool children and the relationship between physical activity and the development of fundamental movement skills underline the need to determine the factors associated with children's development of such skills. As parents play an important role in the socialization process, the aim of this study was to examine correlates of family and neighbourhood characteristics as well as parental behaviour and beliefs on FMS performance in 4- to 6-year-old preschool children. Relationships between preschool children's FMS performance and family contextual variables were examined within a sample of 846 preschool children. Results identified positive associations of FMS performance with parental education, father's physical activity, transport to school by bicycle, and the high value placed by parents high on sport-specific aspects of children's physical activity. Variables negatively associated with preschool children's FMS performance included father-child interaction in TV-viewing and reading books, the high importance placed by parents on winning and performance in children's physical activity. Furthermore, the ambiguity of associations between FMS performance and parental beliefs underlined its complexity.  相似文献   

The Non-transparency of the Self and the Ethical Value of Bildung     

Christiane Thompson 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2005,39(3):519-533

In the light of the modern idea of a sovereign and self-transparent subject, the paper evaluates the philosophical and ethical relevance of Bildung . As a first step, (the early) Nietzsche's and Adorno's criticism of Bildung is explicated, a criticism based upon the thinkers' critical stance towards the modern epistemological relation of subject and object. However, neither thinker abandons the concept of Bildung . The second part of the paper accordingly reconstructs Nietzsche's and Adorno's adherence to Bildung understood as a different relationship of subject and object within Bildung . In the paper's concluding reflections there is an attempt to assess the systematic educational consequences, and to shed light on the ethical relevance, of a non-transparent subject of Bildung.  相似文献   

Strategies in assessing the need for updating evidence-based guidelines for six clinical topics: an exploration of two search methodologies     

Voisin CE  de la Varre C  Whitener L  Gartlehner G 《Health information and libraries journal》2008,25(3):198-207

BACKGROUND: Because of the expense of updating practice guidelines, recent attention has focused on approaches that can reliably assess any updating required. Shekelle et al. (Journal of the American Medical Association 2001, 286, 1461-7) proposed using limited literature searches with expert involvement to reduce resources used in assessing whether a guideline needs updating. OBJECTIVES: This study compared Shekelle's method and the traditional systematic review method regarding comprehensiveness and effort. METHODS: Two research teams translated critical key questions on screening test treatments and outcomes to Medical Subjects Headings (MeSH) and search strategies. They refined Shekelle's method over three iterations, seeking greater efficiency. Using both methods independently, teams assessed the need to update six topics from the 1996 Guide to Clinical Preventive Services (US Preventive Services Task Force). Outcomes included completeness of study identification, importance of missed studies and effort involved. RESULTS: The revised review approach produced fewer citations than the traditional approach and saved time, identifying fewer eligible studies than the traditional approach. None of the studies missed was rated important by the experts consulted. CONCLUSIONS: The revised review approach provides an acceptable method for judging whether a guideline requires updating. Librarians were an integral part of the research process that streamlined the searches.  相似文献   

The development of left-right decentration in four- to seven-year old children     

Anne Ghysselinckx-Janssens  Christiane Vandenplas-Holper 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1991,6(3):303-324

The study tries to disentangle the processes of left-right discrimination on self and on other refrents. Ninety-six 4- to 7- year old children were individually given several situations requiring left-right discrimination on self and decentration. Three related tasks were also presented: a lateralization task, an orientation task and a projection task. A semi-structured interview was finally conducted in which children explained their comprehension of left-right discrimination. Body rotations were recorded in the various tasks and during the interview. Correct deictic gestures and a measure of the children’s reasoning in the interview were also obtained. With respect to left-right discrimination on self, it was hypothesized that this kind of knowledge is anchored in the body and related to the lateralization measure. With respect to decentration, a task analysis was conducted. It was predicted that orientation and projection tasks are simple tasks mastered before left-right decentration, a complex task into which the simple tasks have to be integrated. Decentration requiring the coordination of an invariant component and of the variant component of orientation was expected to be positively correlated with body rotations. Different methodological improvements referring to reliability and validity were also introduced into the different assessment procedures. Results are confronted with the Piagetian hypothesis of interiorization of overt action into representation. An alternative hypothesis is proposed: it ties together the constellation of results obtained in the present study, and in recent studies referring to children’s cognitive development and adult’s nonverbal behavior.  相似文献   

Perceived masculinity,feminity and androgyny among primary school boys: Relationships with the adaptation level of these students and the attitudes of the teachers towards them     

Christiane Piché  Chantal Plante 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1991,6(4):423-435

The literature suggests that in school setting, particularly in the primary grades, the boy well-adapted and being the object of a positive attitude from the teacher, is the one displaying expressive or femininetype behaviors. To verify the existence of this relationship, three instruments were administered to 38 teachers who evaluated 181 boys aged between six and seven years-old. The results indicate that boys perceived as being masculine are evaluated as being more aggressive than boys perceived as feminine, whereas boys perceived as being feminine obtain higher scores on the anxiety and prosocial scales. Boys classified as androgynous and feminine and evaluated as prosocial are the object of more positive attitudes from the teachers’ part whereas the opposite is true for masculine and externalizing boys. These results support, to a certain extent, the existence of a conflict between the masculine sexrole and the student role, at least such as defined by certain school settings.  相似文献   

Self-perceived stability and change in children’s competence     

Christiane Vandenplas-Holper  Isabelle Roskam  Anne-Marie Fontaine 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2010,25(1):1-17

Using Harter’s (Child Dev 53(1):87–97, 1982) perceived competence scale, this study integrates several paradigms related to the issues of self-perceived competence, stability or change and attributional theory. It examines how 268 Belgian and Portuguese fifth graders consider their scholastic, social and physical competence at present and in a retrospective or prospective time perspective. The children were also asked to rate the causes of their self-perceived competence-related stability or change. Nearly all of the children who saw change indicated that they had changed/would change in a positive way. Children more often thought that they would change in the future than that they had changed in the past. Children who saw change also made more internal attributions (effort and ability) than children who saw only stability. Finally, the results varied consistently between the Belgian and the Portuguese samples, indicating cross-cultural differences which are tentatively illuminated by macro-systemic considerations referring to educational policy in the two countries.  相似文献   

Managing the organisation 2.0: Entrepreneurial spirit and general management competences as early indicators for cluster success and sustainable regional development: Findings from the German Entrepreneurial Regions Programme     

Christiane Gebhardt  Markus C. Pohlmann 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2013,24(2):153-160

During the last twenty years the German programme family Entrepreneurial Regions has formed a landscape of strategy driven clusters, characterized by networking relationships along the value chain between SME, university and research laboratories. Initiated by the Federal Government the Entrepreneurial Regions Programme (ERP) was directed at rebooting East Germany's innovative strength and reviving the declined industrial basis as well as integrating the small technology oriented firms, remnants from GDR research labs into the global economy. The study carried out in 2010 and 2011 was based on a multi-method approach and went beyond traditional quantitative indicators such as turnover, job growth and number of patents, by focusing on interrelated qualitative and early indicators in a systemic approach. Apart from the continuity of Financial Investments, General Management Competences, Networking competences as well as Entrepreneurial Thinking and Acting were identified to be relevant key drivers for many other interconnected indicators of cluster development. We discuss the integration of Management Science into the context of regional innovation, organizational studies and industrial strategy and will shed light on the policy implications for the assessment and monitoring of clusters as well as on the management requirements of clusters. An outcome of our study is an indicator system that enriches the conventional indicator set for the evaluation of robustness and viability of politically initiated clusters.  相似文献