Auditory processing,linguistic prosody awareness,and word reading in Mandarin-speaking children learning English     

Wei-Lun Chung  Linda Jarmulowicz  Gavin M. Bidelman 《Reading and writing》2017,30(7):1407-1429

This study examined language-specific links among auditory processing, linguistic prosody awareness, and Mandarin (L1) and English (L2) word reading in 61 Mandarin-speaking, English-learning children. Three auditory discrimination abilities were measured: pitch contour, pitch interval, and rise time (rate of intensity change at tone onset). Linguistic prosody awareness was measured three ways: Mandarin tone perception, English stress perception, and English stress production. A Chinese character recognition task was the Mandarin L1 reading metric. English L2 word reading was assessed by English real word reading and nonword decoding tasks. The importance of the auditory processing measures to reading was different in the two languages. Pitch contour discrimination predicted Mandarin L1 word reading and rise time discrimination predicted English L2 word reading, after controlling for age and nonverbal IQ. For the prosodic and phonological measures, Mandarin tone perception, but not rhyme awareness, predicted Chinese character recognition after controlling for age and nonverbal IQ. In contrast, English rhyme awareness predicted more unique variance in English real word reading and nonword decoding than did English stress perception and production. Linguistic prosody awareness appears to play a more important role in L1 word reading than phonological awareness; while the reverse seems true for English L2 word reading in Mandarin-speaking children. Taken together, auditory processing, language-specific linguistic prosody awareness, and phonological awareness play different roles in L1/L2 reading, reflecting different prosodic and segmental structures between Mandarin and English.  相似文献   

Musical discovery,colonialism, and the possibilities of intercultural communication through music     

Gavin Carfoot 《Popular Communication》2016,14(3):178-186

ABSTRACT

Discourses of discovery have been important in a wide range of musical contexts, from early modern ideas about musical composition through to current forms of popular music production and consumption. Across these various contexts there are often inherent connections between discovery and colonialism, connections that become most apparent in non-Western socio-cultural and musical settings. In this article, I situate discourses of discovery within the “coloniality of power,” noting how colonial discovery can be more critically described as invention. From here, I turn to the genre of World Music as an example of how musical discovery is underpinned by inherently colonial perspectives, articulations of power, and relationships of dominance and subordination between Western and non-Western cultures. In contrast, I present the concept of interculturalism as a way of thinking about the possibilities of cultural in-between-ness beyond discovery, drawing on the practices of musicians who articulate intercorporeal and intercultural communication through performance.  相似文献   

A meta-analysis of maturation-related variation in adolescent boy athletes’ adaptations to short-term resistance training     

Jason Moran  Gavin R. H. Sandercock  Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo  César Meylan  Jay Collison  Dave A. Parry 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(11):1041-1051

This meta-analysis investigated the maturation-related pattern of adaptations to resistance training in boy athletes. We included studies examining the effects of 4–16-week resistance training programmes in healthy boy athletes aged 10–18 years. Pooled estimates of effect size for change in strength across all studies (n = 19) were calculated using the inverse–variance random effects model for meta-analyses. Estimates were also calculated for groups based on likely biological maturity status (“before”, “during” and “after” peak height velocity). Using the standardised mean difference, resistance training increased strength across all groups (effect size = 0.98, [CI: 0.70–1.27]). Strength gains were larger during (1.11 [0.67–1.54]) and after (1.01 [0.56–1.46]) peak height velocity than before (0.5 [?0.06–1.07]). Adaptations to resistance training are greater in adolescent boys during or after peak height velocity. These findings should help coaches to optimise the timing of training programmes that are designed to improve strength in boy athletes.  相似文献   

Wisdom’s workshop: the rise of the modern university,by James Axtell     

Gavin Moodie 《History of education》2017,46(6):868-870

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Teachers' conceptions of assessment: implications for policy and professional development     

Gavin T. L. Brown 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2004,11(3):301-318

Teachers' conceptions of assessment can be understood in terms of their agreement or disagreement with four purposes to which assessment may be put, specifically, (a) improvement of teaching and learning, (b) school accountability, (c) student accountability, or (d) treating assessment as irrelevant. A 50‐item Teachers' Conceptions of Assessment (COA‐III) questionnaire was completed by New Zealand primary school teachers and managers (n=525). The COA‐III, based on the four main purpose‐defined conceptions of assessment, was analysed with structural equation modelling and showed a close fit of the data to a hierarchical, multi‐dimensional model (χ²=3217.68; df=1162; RMSEA=.058; TLI=.967). On average, participants agreed with the improvement conceptions and the school accountability conception, while rejecting the view that assessment was irrelevant. However, respondents disagreed that assessment was for student accountability. Improvement, school, and student accountability conceptions were positively correlated. The irrelevance conception was inversely related to the improvement conception and not related to the system accountability conception. Surprisingly, no statistically significant differences were found in mean scale scores for each conception regardless of teacher (age, gender, role, assessment training, or assessment practices) or school (size, location, or socio‐economic status) variables. Implications for the use of the COA‐III for policy implementation and teacher professional development are discussed.  相似文献   

Students’ formative assessment perceptions,feedback use and mathematics performance in secondary schools in Tanzania     

Florence Kyaruzi  Jan-Willem Strijbos  Stefan Ufer  Gavin T. L. Brown 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2019,26(3):278-302

This study investigates the impact of secondary school students’ perceptions of mathematics teachers’ formative assessment practices and feedback delivery on their feedback use, and mathematics performance. The sample consisted of 2767 Form 3 (Grade 11) students from 48 secondary schools in Tanzania. Surveys and focus group discussions were used to measure students’ perceptions of formative assessment, feedback delivery, and feedback use. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) of survey data showed that students’ perceptions of the quality of teacher feedback delivery and perceived scaffolding positively predicted students’ feedback use whereas perceived monitoring negatively predicted feedback use. In turn, students’ feedback use positively predicted their mathematics performance to a small extent. Content analysis of focus group discussions illustrated that most students valued their mathematics teacher’s assessment practices. The findings imply that in Sub-Saharan African educational systems the quality of teacher feedback delivery and promotion of student feedback use can improve students’ mathematics performance.  相似文献   

Tongan students’ attitudes towards their subjects in new zealand relative to their academic achievement     

Mo’ale Otunuku  Gavin T. L. Brown 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2007,8(1):117-128

Research indicates that affective attitudes such as liking of a subject and confidence in one’s ability within a subject predict academic performance. Generally, immigrant minority students have positive attitudes and often have low academic performance. This study examines the self-efficacy and liking of subjects of New Zealand students and analyses the relationship of those attitudes towards academic performance in mathematics, writing, and reading by self-reported ethnicity. Data were obtained from the norming samples from the Assessment Tools for Teaching and Learning project in New Zealand. Of special interest are the relationships between attitude and performance for Pasifika and Tongan students in New Zealand. Tongan and Pasifika students had positive attitudes, but their mean scores were not significantly different to other ethnic groups except in writing for Tongan students. Tongan and Pasifika students did have lower academic performance than majority and Asian immigrant students in all three subjects. The correlation between liking and self-efficacy was fundamentally zero for Tongan and Pasifika students, while it was weakly positive for majority and Asian immigrant students. Together these results question the power of self-efficacy and liking attitudes to predict academic performance for immigrant students from agrarian or traditional societies. Further, the data suggest that ‘school effects’ are most likely explanations for this relationship, rather than lack of attachment, opposition, or deficiency theories.  相似文献   

The Crisis in Doctoral Education: A sociological diagnosis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gavin Kendall 《高等教育研究与发展》2002,21(2):131-141

Sociological thinkers help us understand the crisis in doctoral training. Weber shows us that the crisis is the result of a clash of rationalities. Foucault shows us the highly-developed rationality of policymakers/administrators, which emerged in "disciplinary societies". I discuss the new doctoral training that reshapes subjectivity and retunes the relationship between self and education in the name of social progress. Borrowing from Rose, I stress two themes that are crucial for modern doctoral training: expertise and audit. Latour shows how this rationalisation of doctoral education occurred when it did. It had to await a series of translations--beliefs, knowledges, practices, documents, technologies and so forth, which originally arose in another language (business), and had to be packaged up in simplified forms.  相似文献   

Embedding an integrated learning environment and digital repository in design engineering education: lessons learned for sustainability     

Caroline Breslin  David Nicol  Hilary Grierson  rew Wodehouse  Neal Juster  William Ion 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2007,38(5):805-816

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The Future of Student Self-Assessment: a Review of Known Unknowns and Potential Directions     

Panadero  Ernesto  Brown  Gavin T. L.  Strijbos  Jan-Willem 《Educational Psychology Review》2016,28(4):803-830

Educational Psychology Review - This paper reviews current known issues in student self-assessment (SSA) and identifies five topics that need further research: (1) SSA typologies, (2) accuracy, (3)...  相似文献