国家层面足球的争议解决体系与仲裁          下载免费PDF全文

Ettore Mazzilli 《体育科研》2012,33(6):19-20

摘要：主要介绍了国际足球管理机构——国际足联的管理体系,并重点介绍了足球纠纷处理体系。足球纠纷处理体系包括两个层面：一个是在足球协会内部的纠纷解决体系包括国际足联的纠纷解决委员会（DRC）和国家纠纷解决委员会（NDRC）,另一个是处理上诉纠纷的外部仲裁包括国际体育仲裁庭（CAS）和国家层面独立于协会的仲裁庭。并结合足球协会适用该系统后的优点和不足,针对存在的问题需求、解决问题的方法提出自己见解。  相似文献   

School Schedules Affect Sleep Timing in Children and Contribute to Partial Sleep Deprivation     

Tâmile Stella Anacleto  Taísa Adamowicz  Laura Simões da Costa Pinto  Fernando Mazzilli Louzada 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2014,8(4):169-174

Although the environmental light/dark cycle is the main zeitgeber for the human species, the social cues seem to be important in the synchronization of circadian rhythms. In Brazil, the existence of two school schedules—one with only morning classes (MG) and other with only afternoon classes (AG)—allows the investigation of the effect of school activities on light exposure and sleep/wake patterns in children. Forty‐seven children wore wrist actimeters for a week for registration of light and sleep data. MG children presented shorter sleep duration on school days than the children from the AG. The results showed that during school days MG children were exposed to bright light earlier in the morning when compared to AG children. Nevertheless, there were no differences in light exposure after sunset. The results reflect the role of school schedules and artificial light in shaping light exposure, and its association with sleep timing in children.  相似文献