苏北高职院校体育教学改革实施中教师阻抗的现象学分析及消除策略     

姜龙  秦博  骆勇 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(4):26-27,31

本文将教师阻抗定义为由于自身或外界因素导致教师对现有体育教学改革表现出的不满、反对、甚至抵制心理和行为。研究以教师阻抗为问题切入点,重点探究教师阻抗的内在原因。具体分析内容包括:现有体育教学改革实施现状、体育教师态度真相、冷落改革,阻抗缘由,并结合阻抗缘由提供相关消解建议。本研究主要以现象学研究方法作为方法论基础,由悬置与还原、体验与描述、反思与归纳、本质的呈现作为重点环节,参照Pollio的现象学研究方法流程,采用深度访谈,访谈对象20人,每轮访谈结束后及时将访谈录音转录为文本形式,访谈文本132571字。对访谈文本采取归纳与演绎相结合的形式,精简提炼并进行具体论证分析。结论:(1)高职院校体育改革情况并不理想,阻抗现象真实存在;(2)体育教师内心支持改革,主观排斥现象罕见,阻抗现象另有他因;(3)体育教师阻抗主要由于教师对公共体育课程教学指导纲要无从下手,各校围绕体育教学改革中需要变更新的大纲、教学方法、评价方式等工作茫然无措所导致。以此建议多安排一线教师参加培训学习;制定更为客观、易操作的教学方法和评价方式应用于高职院校体育教学一线;增大资金及人力投入;提高教师文化自信等方面,消除改革中出现的部分教师阻抗,也为高职体育改革提出一些思路。  相似文献   

Music and sport: exploring the intersections     

Jonathan Long  Karl Spracklen 《Sport in Society》2021,24(1):1-7

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Revisiting the cluster-based paradigm for implicit search result diversification     

Hai-Tao Yu  Adam Jatowt  Roi Blanco  Hideo Joho  Joemon M. Jose  Long Chen  Fajie Yuan 《Information processing & management》2018,54(4):507-528

To cope with ambiguous and/or underspecified queries, search result diversification (SRD) is a key technique that has attracted a lot of attention. This paper focuses on implicit SRD, where the subtopics underlying a query are unknown. Many existing methods appeal to the greedy strategy for generating diversified results. A common practice is using a heuristic criterion for making the locally optimal choice at each round. As a result, it is difficult to know whether the failures are caused by the optimization criterion or the setting of parameters. Different from previous studies, we formulate implicit SRD as a process of selecting and ranking k exemplar documents through integer linear programming (ILP). The key idea is that: for a specific query, we expect to maximize the overall relevance of the k exemplar documents. Meanwhile, we wish to maximize the representativeness of the selected exemplar documents with respect to the non-selected documents. Intuitively, if the selected exemplar documents concisely represent the entire set of documents, the novelty and diversity will naturally arise. Moreover, we propose two approaches ILP4ID (Integer Linear Programming for Implicit SRD) and AP4ID (Affinity Propagation for Implicit SRD) for solving the proposed formulation of implicit SRD. In particular, ILP4ID appeals to the strategy of bound-and-branch and is able to obtain the optimal solution. AP4ID being an approximate method transforms the target problem as a maximum-a-posteriori inference problem, and the message passing algorithm is adopted to find the solution. Furthermore, we investigate the differences and connections between the proposed models and prior models by casting them as different variants of the cluster-based paradigm for implicit SRD. To validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approaches, we conduct a series of experiments on four benchmark TREC diversity collections. The experimental results demonstrate that: (1) The proposed methods, especially ILP4ID, can achieve substantially improved performance over the state-of-the-art unsupervised methods for implicit SRD. (2) The initial runs, the number of input documents, query types, the ways of computing document similarity, the pre-defined cluster number and the optimization algorithm significantly affect the performance of diversification models. Careful examinations of these factors are highly recommended in the development of implicit SRD methods. Based on the in-depth study of different types of methods for implicit SRD, we provide additional insight into the cluster-based paradigm for implicit SRD. In particular, how the methods relying on greedy strategies impact the performance of implicit SRD, and how a particular diversification model should be fine-tuned.  相似文献   

Football,ethnicity and community: the life of an African Caribbean football club     

Jonathan Long 《Soccer & Society》2019,20(1):189-191

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唐西州时期吐鲁番的桃树栽培——从出土文书及实物证据谈起     

赵美莹  王龙  党志豪  蒋洪恩 《中国科学院大学学报》2020,37(3):405-415

桃是中国重要的水果之一，经丝绸之路西传至古波斯。作为丝路重镇的吐鲁番地区，晋唐时期的桃树栽培是否存在却始终未能确定。《吐鲁番出土文书》中曾出现"桃"字，学界对其释读说法不一，主要分为"无桃说"和"有桃说"两种观点。本文从历史记载和实物证据两方面入手，结合《吐鲁番出土文书》及吐鲁番木尔吐克萨依戍堡出土的桃核遗存，通过文献梳理、年代测定和植物学鉴定等研究，认为至迟在唐西州时期，吐鲁番地区已经存在桃树栽培。  相似文献   

Parenting Teamwork: The Impact of a Fathering Intervention on Mothers and Infants in Vietnam     

John K. Rempel  Lynn A. Rempel  Dinh T.P. Hoa  Le T. Vui  Tran K. Long 《Child development》2020,91(2):e345-e364

A multifaceted, relationally focused intervention involving group and individual pre- and postnatal counseling, print resources, and community resources encouraged 390 fathers of newborn infants in Vietnam to responsively support mothers and work with them as a parenting team. Both partners completed questionnaires prebirth and 1-, 4-, and 9-months postbirth on measures of breastfeeding support, exclusive breastfeeding duration, relationship quality, and infant development. Compared to 412 comparison group couples, intervention couples evidenced greater father support, especially in terms of helping and responsiveness to the mother's needs. This support predicted longer exclusive breastfeeding duration, improved relationship quality, and higher levels of infant development at 9 months. Sensitively working together with mothers as a coordinated team enhanced couple's relationship functioning and improved children's developmental outcomes.  相似文献   

Guglielmino's self-directed learning readiness scale: A validation study     

Huey B. Long  Stephen K. Agyekum 《Higher Education》1983,12(1):77-87

The attributes of self-direction in learning are becoming increasingly important as the need for lifelong learning grows in strength. Educators are challenged to assist in the development of self-directed learning skills and to encourage learners to more freely use self-direction in their learning activities. Unfortunately, there are few validated procedures for identifying the self-directed learners. Guglielmino's Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale is one of the few instruments identified in the literature for the purpose of measuring self-direction in learning. Even though the scale has been widely used, additional validation is needed. This study was designed to use a multitrait-multimethod procedure for determining the validity of the SDLRS. The sample included 136 college students from two different colleges: 63 black students, 70 white students and 3 students of other nationalities (other than USA). Thirty-seven specific hypotheses were tested. Findings concerning selected hypotheses are discussed. Three general conclusions concerning the validity of the SDLRS are as follows: (1) The findings are supportive of the validity of the SDLRS; (2) Significant differences were noted in faculty ratings according to racial composition and student scores on the SDLRS; (3) Significant associations exist between the SDLRS scores and variables such as age, educational level and ARS (agreement response set).  相似文献   

面向智能时代的中小学在线教学:现状、趋势与政策建议     

付道明  朱龙  麦子号 《课程.教材.教法》2021,41(9):71-78

在疫情防控进入常态化背景下,如何精准、有效提升教师在线教学能力,如何实现在线教学从疫情期间的应急性教学向常态化教学线上线下混合转变,成为值得关注的重要议题.基于调查数据发现,目前在线学习环境、教师在线教学能力发展、在线教学评价、教师多重角色等都具有显著的智能时代特征,面向智能时代的中小学在线教学技术与课程的融合呈现创新发展的新趋势.我国中小学在线教学亟须通过顶层设计、依托"新基建"行动实现由"技术应用"迈向"知识创造".  相似文献   

基于企业主体的高职院校专业课程课堂教学评价机制研究     

张龙 《教育与职业》2021,(3):53-56

专业课程课堂教学是关系我国高职院校技术技能人才培养质量的重要环节。目前,我国高职院校建立的专业课程课堂教学评价机制还存在封闭式评价、依据静态要素开展评价、校企合作缺位等弊端。要突破这些障碍,我国高职院校专业课程课堂教学评价应探索构建以企业为主体的评价新机制。在改革主张上,秉承“以学生为中心”的评价理念,确立企业评价的主体地位和作用;在构建策略上,应建立以企业评价为主的权重机制,建立企业和行业协会评价的遴选机制,建立教师和学生评价的参与机制,建立企业深度融入的运行机制,建立支撑企业评价的信息化保障机制。  相似文献   

高校创业教育教师胜任力的多维结构模型及其改进策略——基于全国1231所高校的实证研究     

王志强  熊顺顺  龙泽海 《教育发展研究》2021,41(3):77-84

教师胜任力是教师从事创业教育需要具备的差异化特征总和.基于文献分析,本文提出了高校教师在创业教育中应具备的特征和能力,设计了高校教师创业教育胜任力特征的调查问卷;经过探索性因素分析,运用结构方程构建了二阶四维高校创业教育教师胜任力模型;将专业与课程建设、知识技能、能力发展、创业资源变为内因潜在变量,外因潜在变量为高阶因素,构建“创业教育教师胜任力多维结构模型”,提出了促进高校创业教育教师胜任力的相关建议.  相似文献