历史地理信息的获取与标准化——以上海交通大学馆藏地方历史文献为例     

汤萌  李芳  王昕 《图书馆杂志》2018,(1):50-57

上海交通大学图书馆针对近年来收集的地方历史文献开展了数字化加工工作。如何有效地提取文献蕴含的地理信息并使其标准化,最终实现数字化的展示、利用与分析是工作的难点之一。地理信息经由人工获取,根据研究需求按照分段揭示的原则著录到地域相关的元数据字段中。基于可统计的文献来源,分布集中的文献优先编写代码转换规则,可机读代码避免了语义识别等程序的繁冗。鉴于明清时期行政区划的特点,代码采用"省-县-都-图-村"五级格式,遵照标准化、兼容性、求同性与扩展性的编制原则,以期实现文献关联聚类、信息自动获取与空间可视化等数据化效果,还原地域视角下的历史原貌。  相似文献   

Libraries and Spatial Literacy: Toward Next-Generation Education     

Benjamin D. Branch 《College & Undergraduate Libraries》2014,21(1):109-114

The role of the library is to assist citizens in skills development critical to national interest and empowerment as literacy ambassadors, in general. Specifically, the work by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (1994) indicates that spatial literacy is for every citizen and not just a set of workforce specialists. Hence, the use of maps in decision making and problem solving will become fundamental to all professions, including library professionals. Thus, a spatial literacy awareness and rationale for such as standard job ability is discussed as a future librarian workforce proficiency and knowledge transfer medium.  相似文献   

Comparison of three web-scale discovery services for health sciences research     

Rosie Hanneke  Kelly K. O'Brien 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2016,104(2):109-117

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effectiveness of three web-scale discovery (WSD) tools in answering health sciences search queries.

Methods

Simple keyword searches, based on topics from six health sciences disciplines, were run at multiple real-world implementations of EBSCO Discovery Service (EDS), Ex Libris''s Primo, and ProQuest''s Summon. Each WSD tool was evaluated in its ability to retrieve relevant results and in its coverage of MEDLINE content.

Results

All WSD tools returned between 50%–60% relevant results. Primo returned a higher number of duplicate results than the other 2 WSD products. Summon results were more relevant when search terms were automatically mapped to controlled vocabulary. EDS indexed the largest number of MEDLINE citations, followed closely by Summon. Additionally, keyword searches in all 3 WSD tools retrieved relevant material that was not found with precision (Medical Subject Headings) searches in MEDLINE.

Conclusions

None of the 3 WSD products studied was overwhelmingly more effective in returning relevant results. While difficult to place the figure of 50%–60% relevance in context, it implies a strong likelihood that the average user would be able to find satisfactory sources on the first page of search results using a rudimentary keyword search. The discovery of additional relevant material beyond that retrieved from MEDLINE indicates WSD tools'' value as a supplement to traditional resources for health sciences researchers.  相似文献   

基于Web Services的构架及企业应用     

李欣 《株洲师范高等专科学校学报》2007,12(2):63-65

随着互联网的不断发展，企业对跨平台的系统需求越来越迫切，而新的网络应用技术构架Web Services技术的出现，为企业应用集成的发展提供了崭新的模式．通过介绍Web Services的主要技术及其应用构架，并结合具体的实例阐述了Web Services构架技术在企业上的应用及前景．  相似文献   

吴语处州方言豪肴二韵的分合     

王文胜 《台州学院学报》2007,29(4):40-45,59

通过实地调查，运用地理语言学的研究方法，平面揭示吴语处州方言豪、肴二韵的语音特点，并对其历史层次进行分析。处州方言豪、肴二韵的今读状态，是其自身演变和受外来方言影响的结果。  相似文献   

基于MapX的地理信息系统CAI研究     

杨中宝  李朝锋  李朝艳 《蒙自师范高等专科学校学报》2006,4(5):76-81

提出了基于MapX的地理信息系统多媒体辅助教学系统的设计思路．根据地理信息系统的教学要求,结合当今多媒体技术的发展趋势,在VC++6．0开发环境下,完成了GIS计算机多媒体辅助教学系统的设计与实现,通过多媒体技术与GIS技术的有机结合形成教学、演示与GIS操作三位一体的GIS计算机多媒体辅助教学系统．该系统将学生置于多重立体交互教学状态下,在GIS的实际操作环境中了解并掌握GIS系统的基础知识、基本操作以及应用特色最终实现GIS教学手段的现代化,达到提高GIS教与学高度统一的目标．  相似文献   

论大洋洲的殖民化及新西兰近代的改革     

刘行仕 《咸阳师范学院学报》2002,17(3):55-59

大洋洲是在地理大发现的白银时代才呈现在欧洲人面前的，1788年和1840年分别是澳大利亚和新西兰被英国残民的开始时间，与此同时也逐渐开始了近代化，由于地处南半球，移民的奋斗等原因，殖民化与近代化同步发展，另外，新西兰的毛利人进行过维护土地权的战争，而澳大利亚的土几乎未作过积极的反抗，19世纪后期，这两个国家都有过社会改革的实验，加之移民劳动的努力，为20世纪初自治领的建立奠定了基础，此后两国实际走上了独立的道路并在亚太地区发挥着重大作用。  相似文献   

浅析六盘水地名的文化意蕴     

肖永凤 《六盘水师范高等专科学校学报》2007,19(5):13-16

贵州六盘水特殊的地理环境和历史文化背景,造就了六盘水境内乡镇村寨独特的名称。六盘水境内的乡镇村寨地名反映了这样的文化意蕴:一是六盘水地名反映其独特的山川地貌特征和人们的自然生产生活情况;二是反映少数民族迁徙和民族接触的历史遗迹;三是反映中华传统观念及社会文化心理;四是反映地方矿产资源或其他特产。  相似文献   

Actions and Updates on the Standards and Best Practices Front     

Nettie Lagace  Laurie Kaplan  Jennifer J. Leffler 《期刊图书馆员》2015,68(1-4):191-196

Four standards and best practices recently released or currently underway at the National Information Standards Organization were presented: Knowledge Bases and Related Tools, Presentation and Identification of E-Journals, Open Discovery Initiative, and Open Access Metadata Indicators. Basics outlining the creation work and deliverables were shared for each project. Applicability of these standards and best practices for different stakeholders of the information community were discussed.  相似文献   

研究项目中课题组成员关系的差序格局探析——以图情文类国家社科基金项目为例     

朱成林  袁曦临 《新世纪图书馆》2014,(4):81-86

社会学家费孝通先生在研究中国乡村结构时提出了差序格局的概念,用以说明中国传统社会不同于西方社会“团体格局”的特点.差序格局的形成受到以下因素影响：血缘、地缘、经济水平、政治地位、知识文化水平.本研究以2005-2010年图情文类国家社科基金项目为样本,运用社会网络分析方法,分别从地缘、业缘和学缘三个方面探讨了研究项目课题组成员中反映出的关系和结构,探究并验证在课题研究中是否存在“差序结构”,并分析这种差序格局对学术研究的影响.  相似文献