Neighborhood crime undermines parenting: Violence in the vicinity of households as a predictor of aggressive discipline     

《Child abuse & neglect》2018

Child discipline is a central component of parent-child interactions. Evidence suggests corporal discipline impairs children’s physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development and compromises their future chances, especially since it is more frequently used against at-risk children. Using geocoded data for 1209 children under the age of five and their mothers, this study analyses the relation between the occurrence of crimes in close proximity to households in four major urban municipalities of Colombia and a particularly violent corporal discipline practice: hitting children with objects. Results indicate that exposure to violent crimes, such as homicides and personal injuries, predicts a higher probability of hitting children with objects, even after controlling for a set of individual, family, and neighborhood characteristics. Sensitivity analyses suggest violent crimes are not related to other discipline methods, and less threatening crimes, such as robbery and drug trafficking, are not associated with hitting children with objects. These findings suggest households’ walls are permeable, and outside threats may interfere with families’ dynamics and well-being. Future directions and implications are discussed.  相似文献   

城市图书馆通借通还项目管理与体制创新研究   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

张晓源 《中国图书馆学报》2003,29(6)

涉及通借通还的图书馆管理模式现有3种:总馆-分馆管理模式、分散-共建管理模式和分散-整合管理模式。3种管理模式在组织架构、管理链、资产管理、馆藏与服务等方面各有长短。由通借通还的普及引起城市图书馆管理体制改革。作为一个体制创新思路,图书馆直接对市民负责,城市与城区各级人大代表控制拨款,委托文化行政管理部门具体管理,可以把“分灶吃饭”与总分馆制的优越性结合起来。图3。表1。参考文献2。  相似文献   

论城建档案信息资源建设创新   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李文华 《档案学研究》2008,102(3)

本文对我国城建档案信息资源建设的现状和存在的问题进行了较深入系统的剖析,从体制、理论、技术、利用四个方面对城建档案信息资源建设创新进行了思考和探索,提出了一些具有参考价值便于操作的建议和思路,是"重新认识档案工作"大讨论活动的一个理论成果,对目前我国城建档案工作发展具有一定的借鉴作用.  相似文献   

现代图书馆理念的应用与彰显——《城市图书馆新馆建设》读与思   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王素芳 《图书馆建设》2008,(3):18-21

从现代图书馆理念应用的角度分析《,城市图书馆新馆建设》一书所体现的是20世纪90年代以来我国城市公共图书馆在建筑设计和布局、服务功能和服务提供、宏观和微观管理上的变化。提供开放、平等、多元、包容以及数字化的服务,满足人们的休闲、交流和求知需求,突破行政体制障碍进行集群管理,建设普遍的图书馆服务网络,使城市图书馆成为社区的实际存在,成为城市言之有物的文化标志而非装饰品等是其主要内容。  相似文献   

先进的城市文化需要公共图书馆事业的同步发展   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

李超平 《图书馆建设》2006,(3):9-11,21

“以人为本”是城市文化的价值回归，为了获得意义上的统一。图书馆文化必须与城市文化具有一致性。从城市文化的视角观察公共图书馆的社会职能，公共图书馆以它特定的职业方式向社会传递着“人文关怀”。而城市文化的发展战略又给公其图书馆事业带来了机会。  相似文献   

Are we using Friedman's roadmap? A comparative analysis of stimuli of private school enrolments in post-Soviet countries     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2014

There have been extensive scholarly debates on the role the private sector in the provision of schooling across the world. The former Soviet states have been largely excluded from these debates. This exploratory study examines the role the private sector in the formal provision of primary and secondary education in post-Soviet countries to demonstrate comparative trends and to provide a framework for the analysis of stimuli for private enrolments in the region. On the basis of the analysis of secondary data, documentary evidence and relevant literature, this paper shows that across the former Soviet countries, neoliberal ideas of education marketisation have not found fertile soil for development.  相似文献   

Do children spend too much time in schools? Evidence from a longer school year in Indonesia     

《Economics of Education Review》2014

I examine the effects of a longer school year in Indonesia on grade repetition, educational attainment, employability, and earnings. I exploit an arbitrary rule that assigned students to a longer school year in Indonesia in 1978–1979, which fits a fuzzy regression discontinuity design. I find the longer school year decreases the probability of grade repetition and increases educational attainment; it also increases the probability of working in formal sectors and wages later in life. These results suggest the length of school years in Indonesia is not too long.  相似文献   

System-wide improvement of early-grade mathematics: New evidence from the Gauteng Primary Language and Mathematics Strategy     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2016

This article reports on a two-year evaluation of the Gauteng Primary Language and Mathematics Strategy (GPLMS), an innovative system-wide reform intervention designed to improve learning outcomes in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Using data from universal testing of all learners in 2008 on a provincial systemic evaluation, as well as data from the 2011, 2012 and 2013 Annual National Assessment tests, this article investigates whether or not the GPLMS improves the numeracy skills of learners in early-grade mathematics in underperforming schools. Using as identification strategy, the natural experiment that resulted from a miscalculation of the provincial systemic evaluation test scores in 2008, which had been used to assign schools to the GPLMS intervention, the study shows that the GPLMS intervention is positively associated with improvements in early-grade mathematics performance of schools in the neighbourhood around the assignment threshold. The findings of the study contribute to the growing body of knowledge that shows the effectiveness of combining lesson plans, learner resources, and quality teacher capacity building.  相似文献   

Gender-preferential intergenerational patterns in primary educational attainment: An econometric approach to a case in rural Mindanao,the Philippines     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2016

This study investigates the factors determining children's educational attainment, focusing on gender-differential intergenerational patterns, by employing a case study from rural Mindanao. The result mainly shows, unlike general trends in developing countries, educational attainment is more favorable for girls; maternal education level is equally associated with daughters’ and sons’ education levels, and paternal education level is preferentially favorable to their sons. To reduce the disparity, suggestions include providing boy-specific interventions to enhance the magnitude of the father–son educational virtuous circle and comparing the magnitude of gender-equal maternal and boy-preferential paternal education influences to specify which effect is larger.  相似文献   

The potential role of citizen conservation in re-shaping approaches to murals in an urban context     

Caroline Kyi  Nicole Tse  Sandra Khazam 《文物保护研究》2016,61(3):98-103

Public visual spaces, populated by a blend of community murals, unauthorised street art, and historic painted mercantile signs, are often the mark of an urban environment that is both progressive and eclectic. Changes in the aesthetic and cultural value of these urban mural forms have led to an increase in the appreciation and, in some instances, promotion of their artistic merit and cultural significance as examples of public art. However, examining the significance of these works, with a view to implementing a conservation approach is problematic. This is due to a number of practical and theoretical considerations that are primarily a result of the ephemeral existence of urban murals outside conventional exhibition spaces, and issues associated with their often fragmented ownership and uncertain authorship. Consequently, larger thinking on the interpretation, conservation assessment, and advocacy for the conservation of urban murals are required. Key to defining and implementing such strategies is contextualising the public visual spaces that these murals occupy and, as part of this, the local and wider communities’ perception of these murals as culturally significant objects as well as fostering awareness and understanding of appropriate measures aimed at their conservation. This paper examines the role of citizen science, or crowd-sourcing, of local community members in establishing a conservation dialogue and generating conservation- relevant data on urban murals. It looks specifically at a project involving a collection of in situ historic painted mercantile signs — also known as ghost signs — in the City of Port Phillip, Melbourne, Australia. The project fostered the establishment of an informed and open dialogue between conservation specialists and participants from the local community on the significance of local ghost signs whilst transferring knowledge on conservation processes and assessment methods. Working directly with community members, a programme was designed in which conservation and community knowledge of these urban art forms, could be collected and exchanged across digital platforms. This enabled researchers to examine how citizen science can be utilised as a research tool as well as a means to advocate for the conservation of collections of urban murals. It created the opportunity to consider the role of non-specialists and shared authorities in the collection and collation of conservation- relevant data and how information generated from what we call citizen conservation projects, can inform the way in which conservators evaluate and prioritize the conservation of urban cultural heritage. The data gathered and interpreted proved to be the most effective means of ‘conserving’ these often ephemeral forms of cultural material.  相似文献