协同导向：美国青少年体质健康政策的演进与启示          下载免费PDF全文

郇昌店 《河北体育学院学报》2017,31(4):21-29

协同导向是美国青少年体质健康政策的突出特征,主要体现在政策文本协同和政策制订协同两方面.在政策文本协同方面,通过梳理历年来体质测量、体育、教育、校园卫生和营养等方面的政策演进过程,发现其体现出较明显的健康促进导向作用.在政策制订协同方面,除了政府相关部门外,社会组织和社会精英人物也都积极参与政策制订,形成了国家政府部门和各界参与的有机融合.我国青少年体质健康亦面临类似问题,可借鉴美国经验,注重体育与营养政策的协同作用,注重跨界政策制订主体的协同参与,强化学校和社区等场域的协同连接,凸显学生校园营养行为的国家责任.  相似文献   

印度学位分类目录的编制、特征及其启示     

鲍嵘  潘闻舟  姜文昕 《研究生教育研究》2019,(4):91-97

学位分类目录编制攸关学位教育的管理与质量保障。印度学位分类目录是从国家层面对高校学位 名称和学位底线标准予以规范的分类系统。在高等教育内部管理体制和外部治理体系变革的综合作用下, 印度学位分类目录在分类和调整方面进行了大幅度的修改。在强化了自身功能的同时,目录的编制也充分 体现了中介机构的参与性和专业性。研究印度学位分类目录对加强我国学位授予和学科专业分类目录的科 学性、整合性、引领性具有重要参考价值。  相似文献   

Evaluating efforts to enhance health and wellbeing in Scottish secondary schools   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Malcolm Thorburn 《课程研究杂志》2017,49(5):722-741

Curriculum for Excellence in Scotland outlines a policy vision of a more progressive, integrated and holistic form of education; a commitment which contains an obligation for health and well-being (HWB) to be a responsibility of all teachers. A critical policy analysis approach was utilized in order to review school-level progress in different stages of policy development, i.e. policy formulation, legitimation, implementation and evaluation. Evidence was collected through 15 semi-structured interviews with head teachers, teacher education academics and staff with national and local authority quality improvement remits. Questions focused on: aims and curriculum goals; school culture; learning and teaching; partnership relationships and evaluations of practice. Findings suggest a high degree of support for curriculum aims, however, there were often problems communicating policy expectations (policy formulation). Thus, despite impressive examples of innovative practice in relation to school ethos, wider achievement and pupils’ broader general education (policy legitimation), there were also examples of HWB being constrained by senior school examinations and the backwash effect this had on curriculum planning and engagement with interdisciplinary learning approaches (policy implementation/evaluation). These findings have implications in terms of policy to practice coherence as well as highlighting the need for further more specific research evaluations.  相似文献   

NTM方法在非线性贝叶斯动态模型中的应用     

高汝召  边平勇  赵衍才 《周口师范学院学报》2007,24(5):37-39

将NTM方法应用于非线性贝叶斯动态模型，给出了它的递推公式以及随机变量的数字特征的计算，与蒙特卡洛方法相比提高了效率和精度.  相似文献   

教学评估量规的编制及应用     

唐玉霞  马兰 《远程教育杂志》2011,29(6):88-93

量规本质上是一套标准或准则,它包含了评价准则、等级标准和具体说明三个基本要素,旨在创设一个连续体来说明特定主题在不同层次上的知识和技能状况。教育心理学研究与课程改革研究专家均极力倡导采用不同的量规编制方式。通过确定难度不同的学习目标、设计一般性量规和用学生易于接受的形式改写量规的三个步骤,可以编制出一个严格的量规来弥补百分制分数体系在评价中的弊端。此外,教师不仅可以借助量规来设计各种评估并进行评分,并将各种评估转化成量规形式加以解释,还可以从量规的角度帮助学生制定学习进展图,促进他们的学习。  相似文献   

The Co-Effects of Query Structure and Expansion on Retrieval Performance in Probabilistic Text Retrieval     

Jaana Kekäläinen  Kalervo Järvelin 《Information Retrieval》2000,1(4):329-344

The effects of query structures and query expansion (QE) on retrieval performance were tested with a best match retrieval system (InQuery¹). Query structure means the use of operators to express the relations between search keys. Six different structures were tested, representing strong structures (e.g., queries with facets or concepts identified) and weak structures (no concepts identified, a query is a bag of search keys). QE was based on concepts, which were first selected from a searching thesaurus, and then expanded by semantic relationships given in the thesaurus. The expansion levels were (a) no expansion, (b) a synonym expansion, (c) a narrower concept expansion, (d) an associative concept expansion, and (e) a cumulative expansion of all other expansions. With weak structures and Boolean structured queries, QE was not very effective. The best performance was achieved with a combination of a facet structure, where search keys within a facet were treated as instances of one search key (the SYN operator), and the largest expansion.  相似文献   

外语类高校发展规划制定策略研究     

戴力 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(2):140

外语类高校发展规划是学校对下一阶段工作部署的指南。本研究阐述了外语类高校发展规划制定的相关概念,并针对学校总体发展规划以及相应子规划提出制定策略。  相似文献   

如何通过药剂学课程培养学生在药物制剂设计中的创新思维     

应雪  张华  秦冬梅  陈文  唐辉  王新春 《科教文汇》2014,(22):102-103

以药剂学课程培养药学本科学生在药物制剂设计中的创新思维,实施中采用将药物制剂设计贯穿于理论教学和实践教学中,以及渗透在考核评价过程中,逐步培养学生的药物制剂设计创新思维,从而提高了学生在药物制剂中的创新能力。  相似文献   

Dipe-D: A Tool for Knowledge-Based Query Formulation in Information Retrieval     

Ruud van der Pol 《Information Retrieval》2003,6(1):21-47

The paper reports the development of Dipe-D, a knowledge-based procedure for the formulation of Boolean queries in information retrieval. Dipe-D creates a query in two steps: (1) the user's information need is developed interactively, while identifying the concepts of the information need, and subsequently (2) the collection of concepts identified is automatically transformed into a Boolean query. In the first step, the subject area—as represented in a knowledge base—is explored by the user. He does this by means of specifying the (concepts that meet his) information need in an artificial language and looking through the solution as provided by the computer. The specification language allows one to specify concepts by their features, both in precise terms as well as vaguely. By repeating the process of specifying the information need and exploring the resulting concepts, the user may precisely single out the concepts that describe his information need. In the second step, the program provides the designations (and variants) for the concepts identified, and connects them by appropriate operators. Dipe-D is meant to improve on existing procedures that identify the concepts less systematically, create a query manually, and then sometimes expand that query. Experiments are reported on each of the two steps; they indicate that the first step identifies only but not all the relevant concepts, and the second step performs (at least) as good as human beings do.  相似文献   

我国非营利组织的绩效考核指标体系设计研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

仲伟周  曹永利  Shunfeng SONG 《科研管理》2006,27(3):116-122,74

本文通过绩效指标考核体系性质与功能的充分描述,揭示了我国非营利组织建立绩效考核指标体系的客观必然性;本文在针对当前我国非营利组织绩效体系存在的缺乏统一标准和非经济量化指标等问题及其根源深刻考察的基础上,分析了我国非营利组织建立有效绩效指标体系应以合理实用为主要目标、以客观科学为基本原则;并通过对非营利组织与一般企业绩效指标体系构建的相互比较,提出我国非营利组织绩效指标体系设计应包含的组织内部员工态度、能力与业绩等基本内容,以及完善指标体系的相关政策建议。  相似文献