排序方式： 共有11条查询结果，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
中国古诗是中国文学的精华,是中国文化的结晶。文化意象是诗歌翻译研究中的一个重要概念。指出在古诗英译中出现的文化意象错位,从文化视角探讨英译中文化意象的解读与重构,揭示这一视角下诗歌翻译研究的独特性和显在优势。 相似文献
2.
Children’s skill at recoding graphemes to phonemes is widely understood as the driver of their progress in acquiring reading
vocabulary. This recoding skill is usually assessed by children’s reading of pseudowords (e.g., yeep) that represent “new words.” This study re-examined the extent to which pseudoword reading is, itself, influenced by orthographic
rimes (e.g., eep) of words of the child’s reading vocabulary, during the development of reading skill. In Study 1, children with word reading
levels of 6–10 years read matched pseudowords that do and do not share an orthographic rime with words of their reading vocabularies.
Study 2 was conducted to further examine such a comparison for children of the 6- to 8-year word reading levels. There was
a small and constant advantage of shared lexical orthographic rimes for children with reading levels 6–8 years but from 8
to 10 years that advantage increased significantly, as expected by Ehri’s phase account of word reading development. The pseudoword
reading of children learning to read English involves use of lexical orthographic components as well as context-free recoding
of graphemes to phonemes. This implies a qualification to the common interpretation of pseudoword reading as a measure of
context-free grapheme–phoneme recoding. Such a measure should use selected pseudowords that do not share orthographic rime
units or other multigrapheme components with words of the children’s reading vocabularies. 相似文献
3.
期刊析出文献出处项中年、卷、期、页码等信息是参考文献溯源和查询的重要内容。对医学高校学报中出现的篡改出版年代,卷(期)错乱,随意杜撰卷、期、页和页码前后标识字符丢失的数字乱象进行了归类解析,并提出了防范意见。 相似文献
4.
In this article we attempt to demonstrate the theoretical and practical limitations of traditional subgroup classifications of acquired and developmental dyslexia. As an alternative, we suggest a process-analytical approach. A variant of a dual-route model for word processing is presented. The model guided the design of a computerized test battery for assessing strategies in word decoding and processes underlying each strategy. The usefulness of the approach was demonstrated on two cases, which according to traditional criteria, were classified as auditory dyslexics. Although both cases displayed marked deficiencies in the phonological route for word decoding, they differed in terms of underlying processes. In one case the primary problem could be located to phonological synthesis, whereas the other case had poor access of letters (phonological recoding). Such individual processing characteristics are not normally revealed by the traditional subgrouping approach. 相似文献
5.
Cláudia Cardoso-Martins Robin Peterson Richard Olson Bruce Pennington 《Reading and writing》2009,22(3):277-292
This study investigates word reading skill in Down Syndrome (DS). Two main questions are addressed: (1) Is reading an island of ability in DS? and (2) What are the cognitive correlates of word reading ability in DS? In particular, how do language versus visual-spatial skills relate to individual differences in reading ability in DS? Participants were 19 individuals with DS, ranging in age from 10 to 19 years, and 19 typically developing children (mean age = 4.9 years) matched with the DS individuals for mental age. Overall, reading ability in DS was very poor. There was no evidence that reading represents an “island of ability” in DS; instead, the average reading level of DS participants was even lower than would be predicted by their IQ. However, there were substantial individual differences in literacy among DS participants. DS word reading and spelling skill correlated strongly with the ability to read by phonological recoding. It also correlated with several language measures. As a matter of fact, the often reported language-mental age gap was found only among the poor readers with DS. 相似文献
6.
Self-teaching in normal and disabled readers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study set out to investigate the self-teaching of good and poor readers in pointed Hebrew – a highly regular orthography. Four groups of children (three groups in Grades 4 to 6, and one group in Grade 2) were included in this study; poor readers with large discrepancies between IQ and reading (dyslexics), IQ-nondiscrepant poor readers (non-dyslexic or garden-variety poor readers), chronological-age matched normal readers, and a group of younger normal readers matched to the older garden-variety group on both reading and mental age. It was hypothesized that primary deficits in phonological recoding (decoding) would impair the identification of novel target words (fictitious names of fruits/towns/stars/coins, etc.) appearing in text, which, in turn, would lead to deficient orthographic memory for target spellings. Alternative predictions were derived with regard to the degree of orthographic deficiency. According to the compensatory processing hypothesis, orthographic learning was expected to be relatively less impaired among disabled readers compared to normal readers. The alternative dissociation hypothesis, on the other hand, predicts that disabled readers orthographic learning would be significantly more impaired than that of normal readers. Neither hypothesis was supported. Impaired orthographic learning, commensurate with levels of target decoding success, was evident in the post-test spelling and orthographic choices of both groups of poor readers. Indeed, a close link was observed between levels of target word decoding and the acquisition of orthographic information among all three older groups of children. No qualitative differences between dyslexics and garden-variety poor readers emerged in patterns of self-teaching. While the data from the three older groups supported a model of developmental delay rather than deviance, findings from the younger reading-age/mental-age controls revealed startling qualitative divergence in orthographic learning. No statistically reliable evidence was obtained for orthographic learning in these younger beginning readers who displayed an essentially surface pattern of non-lexical reading. A hybrid orthographic sensitivity hypothesis was proposed to account for these data, according to which an initially surface-style of word reading engendered by a highly regular orthography gives way to a highly specialized print-specific (orthographic) processing advantage that develops in the course of the second school year as an outgrowth of a critical volume of print experience. 相似文献
7.
G. Brian Thompson Michael F. McKay Claire M. Fletcher-Flinn Vincent Connelly Richard T. Kaa Jason Ewing 《Reading and writing》2008,21(5):505-537
Two studies were conducted across three countries to examine samples of beginning readers without systematic explicit phonics
who had reached the same level of word reading accuracy as comparison samples with high and moderate explicit phonics. Had
they employed any compensatory learning to reach that level? Four hypotheses of compensatory learning or performance were
tested on the samples, all of which represented the lower half of the normative distribution of word reading accuracy. The
two samples without explicit phonics received teaching that centered on story text reading and some receptive phonics that
arose from this text reading. They did not compensate by relatively greater use of a larger psycholinguistic grain size in
the form of rime units. Nor did they compensate by trading off comprehension for text word reading accuracy. In a microtraining
study, they showed no compensation in proficiency of initial learning of lexical orthographic representations. For all samples,
this initial learning was less effective with spelling than reading training trials. In reading text, the samples without
explicit phonics did not compensate by trading off speed for accuracy, or comprehension. On the contrary, they read text faster
than the explicit phonics samples. The extra classroom instruction time available to them for text reading, with the consequential
extra exposure and practice of word reading, would explain this result. 相似文献
8.
Arabic native speaking children are born into a unique linguistic context called diglossia (Ferguson, word, 14, 47–56, [1959]). In this context, children grow up speaking a Spoken Arabic Vernacular (SAV), which is an exclusively
spoken language, but later learn to read another linguistically related form, Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Forty-two first-grade
Arabic native speaking children were given five measures of basic reading processes: two cognitive (rapid automatized naming
and short-term working memory), two phonological (phoneme discrimination and phoneme isolation), and one orthographic (letter
recoding speed). In addition, the study produced independent measures of phonological processing for MSA phonemes (phonemes
that are not within the spoken vernacular of children) and SAV phonemes (phonemes that are familiar to children from their
oral vernacular). The relevance of these skills to MSA pseudoword reading fluency (words correct per minute) in vowelized
Arabic was tested. The results showed that all predictor measures, except phoneme discrimination, correlated with pseudoword
reading fluency. Although phonological processing (phoneme isolation and discrimination) for MSA phonemes was more challenging
than that for SAV phonemes, phonological skills were not found to affect reading fluency directly. Stepwise regression analysis
showed that the strongest predictor of reading fluency in vowelized Arabic was letter recoding speed. Letter recoding speed
was predicted by memory, rapid naming, and phoneme isolation. The results are discussed in light of Arabic diglossia and the
shallow orthography of vowelized Arabic. 相似文献
9.
张博 《南阳师范学院学报》2010,9(1):76-81
元好问的词学理论同样体现在其遗山词之创作中,通过对元好问词序（题）的分析,可以看到其词体创作的完备、“以词存史”理论主张的实现、“诗词一体”观的自觉实践。 相似文献
10.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether differences inreading performance between poor readers and normal readers could bebetter explained by phonological recoding deficiences than IQ. A sampleof 132 Spanish children was classified into four groups according to IQ(<80; 81--90; 91--109; 110--140) and into two groups based on readingskills (poor readers vs normal readers). A word naming task was alsoadministered. We manipulated the word parameters (length, positionalsyllable frequency, and word frequency) and nonword parameters (lengthand positional syllable frequency) to find out whether students withreading disabilities would have more difficulties than normal readers innaming words under conditions that require extensive phonologicalcomputation. The results demonstrated that there were differencesbetween Spanish children who were normal readers and those who were poorreaders, independent of their IQs. 相似文献