排序方式： 共有27条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
河东裴氏与江左政治 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
宋艳梅 《常熟理工学院学报》2011,25(5):114-118
东晋南朝政治舞台上的河东裴氏南下时间早晚不同。较早南渡的仅有裴松之先祖一支,他们对南朝礼乐典制、文教传统以及史学著述贡献颇多。只是仅凭儒史之业,难入高门。晚渡江左的裴叔业、裴邃、裴季之等寓居于寿阳一带,多以军功自效。裴叔业房支在萧齐时代成为豫州豪族,位至豫州刺史,而后因被朝廷猜疑遂北投元魏,致使南朝失去淮南。裴邃一房在萧梁时活跃于淮肥之间,是萧梁北伐之师、勤王之师中的重要将帅,而后在政治、军事变局中逐渐衰微。 相似文献
2.
追求国家利益是国家对外行为的根本动因,国际机制的创设与国家利益之间是一个极为复杂的动态博弈。不论是霸权国家还是非霸权国家,作为理性的经济人,都在不同程度上存在机会主义倾向,导致了国际合作的不确定性。根据博弈论等经济学理论,霸权国家主导创设国际机制有其内在动机。国家机会主义行为的产生也有其内在根源,因此在国际机制创设过程中如何减少机会主义的发生,维持稳定的国际合作显得尤为重要。 相似文献
3.
The governance of sustainable socio-technical transitions 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
A quasi-evolutionary model of socio-technical transitions is described in which regimes face selection pressures continuously. Differentiated transition contexts determine the form and direction of regime change in response to these pressures. The articulation of pressures, and the degree to which responses are coordinated and based on resources available within the regime, define the transition context. Four alternative contexts are described: endogenous renewal; re-orientation of trajectories; emergent transformation and purposive transitions. Agency and power in the governance of regime transformation are analysed. Power to affect change depends on regime membership, the distribution of resources for change and expectations. 相似文献
4.
Gareth Rees 《European Journal of Education》2013,48(2):200-212
Adult learning systems have come to be dominated by the view that the essential role of adult learning is to generate the high levels of skills deemed necessary for competitiveness and growth in the globalised economy. This ‘education gospel’ is underpinned by human capital theory (HCT) and its contemporary conceptualisation in terms of the knowledge-based economy. Nevertheless, it remains the case that there are significant differences in the strategies of national governments towards adult learning and in patterns of engagement with the learning opportunities that are made available. This paper sets out to explore how this diversity in national systems of adult learning might be addressed analytically. Adult learning is embedded in characteristic regimes of economic and social institutions, which can be understood in terms of a systematic international political economy. In particular, adult learning systems are explored by reference to the models of capitalist organisation elaborated in the neo-institutionalist analysis of ‘varieties of capitalism’ (Hall and Soskice, 2001): the liberal market economy and the co-ordinated market economy. A major alternative is provided by Esping-Anderson's (1990; 1999) analysis of ‘welfare state regimes’. Moreover, Rubenson and Desjardins (2009) have used this theoretical framework as a means of analysing systematic variations between national adult learning systems. These analyses raise questions about the use of national states as the key unit of analysis. Significant divergences in institutional arrangements and access to opportunities for adult learning (by social group or locality, for example) may be obscured by this method of comparative analysis. Moreover, consideration of the micro-theoretical foundations of these approaches highlights the difficulties in moving beyond the economistic ‘rationality’ of HCT. The issue here is the extent to which norms of behaviour in relation to engaging in adult learning can be appropriately understood in terms of a relatively homogeneous, national social system, rather than in terms of a much more socially differentiated repertoire of norm-based orientations. 相似文献
5.
六朝会稽是与丹阳、吴郡等齐名的江南望郡,自孙吴至两晋,其政治地位经历了由高到低再到高的变化。究其原因,不仅与当时政权的士族政治性质有关,而且与会稽郡的经济和政治状况有关,尤其是大族势力。六朝政权对会稽郡的视重,很大程度上反映了中央与地方微妙的政治关系,同时也反映了地方政治对中央政权的影响。此期会稽郡政治地位的显赫,既有利于该地区经济、文化的发展,也对唐宋江南的全面发展起到了很大作用。 相似文献
6.
Despite the widely acknowledged role of start-ups in economic development, little is known about their innovative activities compared with those of established firms. Drawing on a sample of 12,209 UK firms, we differentiate between services and manufacturing firms and, using a matching estimator approach, demonstrate that start-ups differ significantly from established firms in their innovation activities. We find that in services, being a start-up increases the likelihood of product innovations. However, in manufacturing, we find no significant differences in the likelihood of product innovation between start-ups and established firms. When examining the returns to innovation, we find that start-ups have a significant advantage both in services and in manufacturing. We explore the implications of these results for theory and policy. 相似文献
7.
联合国机构已成为一类活着的独特人类学现象和文化,对其全球治理的查考和研究应借鉴人类学民族志方法。联合国教科文组织秉承的人文主义理念逐步演变为从生物圈整体观视域审视教育在支持人类追求公共利益中的价值。联合国教科文组织采用柔性理念立法、基于理念共识的软性执法和国际协商共治的治理框架,践行的是政府间共治议会制与人文主义理念引导的类科层制行政组织结构。应从治理主客体关系角度分析联合国教科文组织强势国家治理主体相互制衡的历史流变,分析去国家中心主义的多元治理体格局,由此确定中国平等参与和主动引领全球教育治理的战略决策。 相似文献
8.
Helge Godoe 《Research Policy》2000,29(9):657
By introducing the concept of innovation regimes, the aim of this article is to show how the rapid pace of technological development in the telecom sector may be explained by the close links between the sector's own R&D and the creation of numerous innovations, many of which are radical. In contemporary innovation theory, a theoretical antinomy exists: Whereas, the creation of incremental innovations is variously explained in terms of «rational» responses to markets, dynamics of technological regimes, dominant design, etc., radical innovations, in contrast, are explained in terms of serendipity, chance or haphazard scientific discoveries. Evidence from analysis of innovations in the telecom sector suggests that innovation regimes have provided a capability of coordination, direction and leadership in the creation of many of the radical technological innovations that have emerged in the sector. Thus, one may claim that the strong innovation regimes and high R&D intensity of the telecom sector, at least until recently, have provided a capability of creating innovations on purpose — for a purpose. The policy implications of this contradict some of the assumptions on which the prevailing market-oriented R&D governance models and policies are based — and which are supported by contemporary innovation theories. 相似文献
9.
王明前 《浙江工贸职业技术学院学报》2012,12(1):49-53
五代时期十国割据政权的农业税收,在沿袭唐两税法的同时,也沿袭了唐中后期附加增加的弊端。丁税化现象也是十国税收的一个重要特征。但是,由于十国多侧重重商倾向的经济政策,税收更多依赖正税之外的各类杂税,使十国财政不可避免地具有横征暴敛倾向。货币因而成为各国统治者弥补巨额财政亏空的工具。 相似文献
10.
《Research Policy》2019,48(9):103808
We explore the effect of political uncertainty on innovation. In particular, we examine the differential effects of two sources of uncertainty – leaders’ education levels and political regimes (i.e., presidential vs. parliamentary) – on patent applications. We posit that firms react to political uncertainty caused by the unexpected departure of a national leader by investing in patents as growth options. The empirical design analyzes a panel with information from over 62 million patent applications at the aggregated applicant level. Results show that leaders’ unexpected departures cause, on average, increases of approximately 9% in the aggregate growth of patent applications. We also find that the leader’s level of education and the country’s political regime system have significant effects on the relationship between political uncertainty and innovation. The difference between leaders with high and low levels of education accounts for 21% of the change in the growth of patent applications. Further, the effect of political uncertainty on innovation is amplified in presidential systems, which grant leaders more power and make electoral transitions less predictable. The differences between presidential and parliamentary systems account for approximately 16% of the change in the growth of patent applications. As a robustness check, we utilized a subsample of more than 170,000 firms with local and foreign patent applications, as well as a panel of over 5700 government non-profits, universities, and hospitals with local patent applications. Consistent with our theory, the former react to political uncertainty by investing in patents, while the latter remain unaffected. We contribute by showing the theoretical mechanisms linking leader and regime characteristics with patent applications. 相似文献