排序方式： 共有19条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
王聚 《科学技术哲学研究》2021,38(2):27-32
当代彻底怀疑论宣称关于外部世界的知识是不可能的。面对怀疑论的攻击,怀特发展了一条内在主义式的反怀疑论方案。基于传递失败和认知资格两个关键概念,该方案指出认知者接受类似我没有在做梦一类的反怀疑论命题是符合认知理性的,因此怀疑论攻击所造成的破坏是有限度的。有一派反对意见指出,该方案只是为接受反怀疑论命题给出了实用辩护,而怀疑论者则是要求认知辩护。但经过分析可以发现,批评者对于认知辩护与实用辩护的理解过于狭隘,而怀特的方案同时给出了实用辩护与认知辩护,也对怀疑论产生的根源做出了哲学治疗。 相似文献
2.
Ian Winchester 《Interchange》1993,24(1-2):191-198
This paper is an attempt to characterize what 20 years of teaching history and philosophy of science to science teachers have suggested to me. The most important thing which I have found is that almost all of my students have the samestandard picture of science. Karl Pearson'sThe Grammar of Science gives the main outlines of this picture. This view emphasizes the centrality of method over particular results and the purely empirical nature of observation and of generalization derived from empirical induction. My paper shows that in giving modern history and philosophy of science to a generation of students, I have sown the seeds of scepticism and disbelief in a fashion parallel to that in which the introduction of science as a sceptical methodvis-à-vis theology undermined the belief in God. Thus I suggest that a danger we may be as yet unaware of is that science as an enterprise can be undermined and so lost, unless we guard against a too facile scepticism—a scepticism quite different from a healthy wait and see or a show me the colour of your argument. 相似文献
3.
祝莉萍 《青海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2005,(1):27-31
休谟的整个哲学体系体现为经验论、怀疑论和自然主义三相互贯通的统一体。休谟以其经验论为基础，从对外在物体存在的怀疑论论证过渡到对外在物体存在的信念的自然主义解释和怀疑论批判，显示了其哲学的调和色彩。怀疑论与自然主义在休谟哲学体系中不分伯仲，如果片面地将休谟看作怀疑论或自然主义，都有失偏颇。 相似文献
4.
This article focuses attention on an underexamined issue in the literature on educational research ethics: how ethical authority is established in educational research. We address this from a perspective that disrupts naturalised approaches to ethics, arguing that rather than seeking ‘rights’ or ‘wrongs’, researchers are always tasked with constructing ethical stances. Attention can then be placed on the array of embodied and objectified resources that might be recruited in establishing these. Through an engagement with published academic accounts of ethical reflection and decision-making, the article explores the ways that educational researchers achieve or sometimes question their ethical security in respect of their research activity. The analysis we present draws out the referential strategies that constitute ethical subjectivity and maps the diversity of anchoring points that might be recruited in this action. We also draw attention to the process of recontextualisation that is inevitable when one activity (or aspect of an activity) regards another, introducing necessary incoherence into ethical practice. The case we present celebrates rather than seeking to conceal or repair such disruption. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
古希腊怀疑主义的产生是直接针对独断论的,论式是怀疑主义用以批驳独断论的武器,在怀疑主义的发展中,出现了早期的10种论式和晚期的5种论式,数量上减少了然而质量却提高了,表现在概括性和抽象性的具有哲学意义的飞跃.论式在古希腊怀疑主义中的作用十分重要,它是怀疑主义精神历程的起点,是古希腊怀疑主义理论大厦的基石. 相似文献
8.
张扣林 《扬州大学学报(高教研究版)》2001,5(1):54-57
怀疑既是科学的基础精神，也是科学研究主体的基本素质，从科学创新要求出发，教育创新必须着力培养学生的怀疑精神。 相似文献
9.
颜翔林 《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2004,33(3):22-26
传统真理观一方面从知识论的“符合”视角来寻找一个外在于主体存在的实证真理,另一方面又将真理打扮为一个神圣的膜拜偶像。怀疑论美学认为,传统的真理观具有神话思维的特点,所谓“真理”只不过属于虚假意识的产物和精神乌托邦的幻想。而以往哲学对于真理的片面理解,往往由意识形态导致历史与现实的悲剧后果。 相似文献
10.
亓馈言 《安阳师范学院学报》2002,(6):14-16
崇拜科学的唯科学主义并不具备真正的科学精神,真正的科学精神恰恰是合理性的怀疑.本文简要分析了唯科学主义的产生渊源、其对伪科学的传播所产生的影响,以及我们对此应采取的措施. 相似文献