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从嵌入性分类角度入手,在前人研究的基础上将嵌入性划分为制度嵌入性、网络嵌入性和文化嵌入性3个维度,在此基础上构建基于嵌入性理论的产业集群研究构架,探究嵌入性3个维度之间的相互作用机制对产业集群发展的影响。 相似文献
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Björn Ambos 《Research Policy》2005,34(4):395-410
This paper reports on the international research and development (R&D) investments of German multinational corporations (MNCs). Based on a detailed empirical survey of laboratory sites established by 49 German MNCs, we examine (i) the level and pace of R&D internationalization, (ii) the motivations and mandates of overseas R&D laboratories, as well as (iii) the strength of the laboratories’ internal and external ties. Participating firms account for about 46% of all German enterprises with international R&D activities and approximately 66% of the nation's privately funded R&D expenditures in 1999. The findings indicate that the timing and organization of German owned overseas R&D investments more closely resemble Japanese or French than US or Swedish firms. Furthermore, in line with prior studies, German MNCs increasingly invest in international R&D for resource as opposed to market-seeking motives. The paper also finds significant differences with regard to the laboratory's mission and its geographical location on one hand, and its internal and external embeddedness, on the other. 相似文献
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本文运用问卷调查法收集数据,运用相关分析探讨工作嵌入、工作满意度以及离职倾向三者之间的关系。结果发现,工作嵌入对工作满意度具有显著的正向影响,工作嵌入、工作满意度对离职倾向具有显著的负向影响,且工作满意度在工作嵌入与离职倾向的关系中发挥中介作用。 相似文献
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Pepka Boyadjieva Petya Ilieva-Trichkova Valentina Milenkova Rumiana Stoilova 《International Journal of Lifelong Education》2020,39(1):104-118
ABSTRACT The article’s aim is twofold: to outline the specificity of the embeddedness approach and to explore the embeddedness of graduates’ education-job mismatch and the formation of lifelong learning policies. The study is based on both quantitative and qualitative data, obtained from the Bulgarian Universities Ranking System, and from interviews with experts and young adults engaged in a lifelong learning programme. The analysis uses multilevel modelling. It also relies on mapping lifelong learning policies in Bulgaria through a thematic content analysis. The article argues that the misbalances for highly educated people on the labour market mirror structural problems in the economy and the educational system. The argument is reflected in the historical and structural embeddedness of graduates’ education-job mismatches and the lifelong learning policies applied to overcome this. The results show that the extent of vertical education-job mismatch depends on the different profiles of higher education institutions and professional fields; they also demonstrate different ways in which the embeddedness approach could help shed new light on, and critically assess, lifelong learning policies. The findings reveal a differentiation between national and local levels of lifelong learning policy towards graduates and that regional policies are actively embedded in local contexts. 相似文献
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Mark S Freel 《Research Policy》2003,32(5):751-770
Drawing upon a sample of 597 small and medium-sized manufacturing firms, this article investigates the extent to which cooperation for innovation is associated with firm-level product and process ‘innovativeness’ and, where collaborative relationships are reported, the factors which influence their spatial distribution. With respect to the former issue, the data suggests considerable variety of association across Pavitt’s [Research Policy 13 (1994) 343] sectoral taxonomy and innovation type. However, the data also indicates the need for caution when developing network strategies or policies: the evidence presented here is unequivocal in noting that innovation is neither a necessary nor less a sufficient condition for innovation. Moreover, internal resources often act as complements to, or indeed appears to negate the need for, external resources. With regards to the spatial distribution of firm linkages, it appears that increasing firms size and export propensity are positively associated with external linkages at a higher spatial level. Moreover, the spatial reach of innovation-related linkages is also likely to be greater for firms reporting the introduction of relatively novel innovations (i.e. products or processes which are new to the industry). In contrast, smaller firms and firms engaged in incremental product innovations appear more likely to be locally embedded. 相似文献
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This inter-disciplinary theory-building paper is motivated by the debate on grand societal challenges and by calls in the innovation studies literature for frameworks that offer a better understanding of the co-evolution of industries and their economic, political, cultural, and social environments. In response to these debates, the paper develops a new triple embeddedness framework (TEF), which conceptualizes firms-in-industries as embedded in two external (economic and socio-political) environments and in an industry regime which mediates strategic actions towards the external environments. The TEF's theoretical logic draws on the adaptation-selection debate, which suggests that the co-evolution phenomenon can be approached from two angles. With regard to (population-level) selection theories, which highlight pressures on industries from external environments, the TEF accommodates insights from evolutionary economics, neo-institutional theory, and economic sociology. With regard to (firm-level) adaptation theories, the TEF accommodates insights from externally-oriented strategy schools (economic positioning strategy, innovation strategy, corporate political strategy, discursive strategy, issue management) and internally-oriented strategy approaches (linked to knowledge/capabilities and cognition/sensemaking). The combination of insights produces a multi-dimensional framework with bi-directional interactions between firms-in-industries and their environments. Implications for the grand challenge agenda are discussed in a separate section and illustrated with examples. 相似文献
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近年来,江苏已成为跨国公司在华投资的重要聚集地。随着跨国公司在江苏投资的进一步深入,其对外投资战略呈现出两种不同的形式。其中,一些跨国公司采取全面融入当地经济社会环境的方式,与区域内的相关产业构建休戚与共的产业生态关系,即所谓的"本地嵌入"。与此同时,另一些跨国公司则采取"撇油式"或"短平快"的短浅投机策略,一旦出现亏损就会撤资或转移产业,即所谓的"松脚性"。为此,本文从"嵌入性"角度入手来探究跨国公司在华投资战略与当地经济存在的联系和发展规律。 相似文献
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Information technology (IT) incidents that make data inaccessible may cause businesses to lose customers, reputation and market position. Previous studies on information management have identified data availability as a key priority, and the literature on disaster recovery and business continuity describes ways of preparing for and avoiding IT incidents. However, no frameworks for information system continuity management (ISCM) have yet been validated. This research draws on a framework for business continuity management, and extends it to the context of information systems. The framework is validated in a survey of IT managers and chief information officers in large private and public organisations operating in Finland. The results suggest that the embeddedness of continuity practices in an organisation has perceived business impacts whereas, in contradiction of previous theory, there is no such direct relation in the case of organisational alertness and preparedness. The theoretical contribution is to validate the ISCM framework statistically. On the practical level, social factors such as committed managers and employees are influential in decreasing negative business impacts. Further research on the embeddedness of continuity practices is called for. 相似文献
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网络嵌入是为企业提供关键知识和信息的来源,对企业创新绩效的实现具有重要意义。以苏南高新技术示范区内的企业为研究对象,探究企业网络嵌入性对创新绩效的影响,并以网络权力为中介因素、吸收能力为调节因素分析二者之间的作用机制。研究结果表明:(1)企业网络嵌入性对创新绩效具有倒"U"型影响;(2)网络权力在企业网络嵌入性与创新绩效的关系中发挥中介作用;(3)吸收能力正向调节企业网络嵌入性与创新绩效之间的倒"U"型关系。 相似文献