Buddhist Wall Paintings at Nako Monastery,North India: Changing of the Technology Throughout Centuries     

Tatjana Bayerová 《文物保护研究》2018,63(3):171-188

The technical study of wall paintings from the Buddhist temple complex at Nako, Western Himalayas, was one of the basic preconditions required for designing an appropriate conservation strategy. The complex, composed of four temples from the eleventh–twelfth century, offered a unique possibility to carry out a comprehensive research of technology and painting materials used in early and later western Tibetan Buddhist wall paintings as well as a comparative assessment with murals from other sites in the Western Himalayas. The study was based on extensive fieldwork and an integrated analytical approach comprising a wide range of non-destructive and micro-destructive methods. Answering the question of the coevality of paintings in the smaller temples with other original murals, the precise characterisation of binding media, the detection of the yellow dye gamboge and natural minerals posnjakite and brochantite identified for the first time in Himalayan murals, the clarification of technology of metal decoration, and the making of raised elements are some of the most exciting results which emerged from the research.  相似文献   

茶船古道的历史成因、发展及其影响     

杨麦 《广西职业技术学院学报》2019,(3):32-44

茶船古道是发端于明末清初,为输出梧州六堡茶而形成的一条独特的国际贸易大通道。这条水上运输通道以茶叶为媒介,以船为主要载体,以上万公里的航运线路为纽带,在数百年间不断推动着沿线国家和地区的繁荣发展。这条运输线路的形成和发展,经历了一个漫长的过程,是一个由内及外、由境内向境外逐步展开的递进模式,它在发展的高峰期与东南亚地区的大开发,以及我国东南沿海地区华工“下南洋”的风潮相伴相生,深深影响了沿线国家和地区居民的日常生活习惯和社会消费需求。对茶船古道进行挖掘和研究,对于多视角多层面地了解中国对外文化交往和发展进程具有非常重要的历史意义。  相似文献   

Microanalytical identification of Pb-Sb-Sn yellow pigment in historical European paintings and its differentiation from lead tin and Naples yellows   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

David Hradil  Tom&#x; Grygar  Janka Hradilov  Petr Bezdi ka  Veronika Gr&#x;nwaldov  Igor Foga&#x;  Costanza Miliani 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2007,8(4):377-386

The work is focused on identification of lead tin yellow types I and II, Naples yellow, and also on discrimination of a less common, distinct yellow pigment, the ternary Pb-Sb-Sn oxide.The knowledge about all those Pb-based yellows was in fact forgotten after introduction of modern synthetic yellows in 19th century. As late as in the last decade of the 20th century, the existence of Pb-Sb-Sn yellow and its production have been rediscovered, and only then it has been identified in colour layer of artworks.Pb-Sb-Sn yellow has recently been identified in colour layer of 17th century Italian paintings by Sandalinas and Ruiz-Moreno [C. Sandalinas, S. Ruiz-Moreno, Lead tin-antimony yellow, historical manufacture, molecular characterization and identification in seventeenth-century Italian paintings, Stud. Conserv. 49 (2003) 41–52], and here we report the finding of this pigment in Mid-European painting of the 18th and 19th centuries. Lead tin yellows, lead antimony yellow (Naples yellow), and lead antimony tin yellow were synthesized in laboratory following historical recipes, their colour was analyzed, and their structure was confirmed to provide a basis for their routine identification in microsamples of artworks by X-ray microdiffraction. Unequivocal identification of Pb-based yellows could help in authentication of traditional European paintings, because their use was temporally and also geographically specific. Combination of elemental microanalysis (X-ray fluorescence electron microanalysis) and X-ray powder microdiffraction were found very efficient in the microanalysis of colour layers of artworks with Pb-based yellows and their unequivocal identification.  相似文献   

利用氯化亚锡高铁废液制备焦磷酸亚锡     

张诚  谢雪珍  廖珍旭 《大众科技》2014,(9):65-66

通过改善复分解反应中的PH与反应温度条件,研制出使用氯化亚锡高铁废液生产焦磷酸亚锡的工艺条件,采用该工艺生产的产品纯度可达98%以上。该工艺操作简单,不仅可以制备焦磷酸亚锡,也可同时处理氯化亚锡生产过程中所产生的废液,是一种节约创效的新工艺。  相似文献   

降低锡阳极泥洗涤废水中的锡含量     

谢丹丹  农永萍 《大众科技》2014,(9):67-68

文章采用絮凝剂聚丙烯酰胺对电解锡阳极泥的洗涤废水进行处理,降低废水中的锡含量,避免在废水排放时造成金属流失。  相似文献   

钙离子对原子荧光测定锡的干扰   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

伍雪英 《保山学院学报》2011,(2):37-39

原子荧光测定锡的方法有许多文献都有记载,但对钙离子对测定锡的干扰在现有文献上还没有相关的记载。在实践中发现碳酸盐中测定锡时如不进行处理则有严重的负误差,在熔矿时加入一定量的EDTA可以消除这种干扰。  相似文献   

茚满-5-甲醛的合成     

王晓娟  唐贝  李高伟  刘澜涛  余太凤  赵文献 《商丘师范学院学报》2014,(6):42-45

茚满-5-甲醛是一种很重要的药物中间体,从茚满出发,在四氯化锡的催化下、二氯甲烷溶剂中茚满与1,1-二氯甲醚反应生成茚满-5-甲醛.其分子结构通过核磁共振谱,红外光谱和质谱等物理方法进行了表征.  相似文献   

锑掺杂氧化锡ATO纳米导电粉体的研制     

何焕全  陈进中  伍祥武 《大众科技》2012,(8):106-107

通过设备和工艺的改进,寻求成本低、产率高、比表面积大的工业化锑掺杂氧化锡ATO纳米导电粉体制备方法。即在络合能力强的复合有机酸溶液中加入纯度99.9%以上高纯锡和高纯锑化合物,再滴加硝酸和氨水,进行凝胶化反应和聚合反应,得到棕色透明液体,经过过滤、干燥、热分解和粉碎后,得到纯度达到99.0%以上、粒度小于100纳米、比表面积30m2/g的锑掺杂氧化锡ATO纳米导电粉体,工艺简单、生产周期短、成本低。  相似文献   

新疆萨惹什克锡矿与萨北碱性A型花岗岩成因关系的年代学制约     

唐红峰屈文俊  苏玉平侯广顺  杜安道丛峰 《中国科技期刊研究》2007,23(8):1989-1997

新疆东准噶尔地区的萨惹什克锡矿呈脉状产于萨北花岗岩体中。对于这种脉状矿床，成岩和成矿近时性的时间制约是证明矿床与围岩有成因关系的首要证据。萨北岩体由含碱性铁镁矿物的碱性花岗岩组成，全岩地球化学结果显示，碱性花岗岩具高碱、低Ca，明显富集稀土元素、高场强元素（zr，Hf，Nb，Ta，Y）和大离子亲石元素（Rb，Th，U），而强烈亏损Sr，Ba，Eu，属于典型的碱性A型花岗岩。锡矿脉由占绝对优势的锡石和石英组成，受北东和近东西向的断裂破碎带控制。原有研究证实，形成该锡矿床的成矿流体属于具高温、低盐度和低密度的岩浆水。据此并结合锡矿体的围岩性质，前人认为锡矿床与碱性花岗岩有成因联系。但是，由于分析技术和样品选择上的制约，萨北岩体成岩和萨惹什克锡矿成矿的确切时代一直没有得到合理的解决。本文报道了我们最近获得的碱性花岗岩锆石IA-ICP-MS U-Pb和锡矿石辉钼矿Re-0s同住素年龄（分别为306±3Ma和307±11Ma）。上述结果表明，萨北碱性花岗岩和萨惹什克锡矿石属于同期地质事件的产物，从而为两者具有密切成因联系提供了重要的年代学制约。此外，根据碱性花岗岩的БNd（t）（=＋5.0）低于研究区亏损地幔4.5个Б单位，我们认为形成萨北岩体的花岗岩浆不是直接来源于亏损地幔玄武质岩浆结晶分异作用的产物，而更可能是起源于本区年轻洋壳和陆源沉积物的部分熔融。  相似文献   

掺锑氧化锡纳米粉末的合成及表征     

杨芬  张永伍  张小兴 《蒙自师范高等专科学校学报》2007,5(5):4-6,13

以SnCl4.5H2O和SbCl3乙醇溶液为原料,采用离子交换除氯水解法及正丁醇共沸蒸馏干燥法制备得到了掺锑氧化锡纳米粉末,用FT-IR、XRD和TEM等方法对粉体进行了表征。  相似文献