Tier-specific evolution of match performance characteristics in the English Premier League: it’s getting tougher at the top     

Paul S. Bradley  David T. Archer  Bob Hogg  Gabor Schuth  Michael Bush  Chris Carling 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(10):980-987

This study investigated the evolution of physical and technical performances in the English Premier League (EPL), with special reference to league ranking. Match performance observations (n = 14,700) were collected using a multiple-camera computerised tracking system across seven consecutive EPL seasons (2006–07 to 2012–13). Final league rankings were classified into Tiers: (A) 1st–4th ranking (n = 2519), (B) 5th–8th ranking (n = 2965), (C) 9th–14th ranking (n = 4448) and (D) 15th–20th ranking (n = 4768). Teams in Tier B demonstrated moderate increases in high-intensity running distance while in ball possession from the 2006–07 to 2012–13 season (P < 0.001; effect size [ES]: 0.68), with Tiers A, C and D producing less pronounced increases across the same period (P < 0.005; ES: 0.26, 0.41 and 0.33, respectively). Large increases in sprint distance were observed from the 2006–07 to 2012–13 season for Tier B (P < 0.001; ES: 1.21), while only moderate increases were evident for Tiers A, C and D (P < 0.001; ES: 0.75, 0.97 and 0.84, respectively). Tier B demonstrated large increases in the number of passes performed and received in 2012–13 compared to 2006–07 (P < 0.001; ES: 1.32–1.53) with small-to-moderate increases in Tier A (P < 0.001; ES: 0.30–0.38), Tier C (P < 0.001; ES: 0.46–0.54) and Tier D (P < 0.001; ES: 0.69–0.87). The demarcation line between 4th (bottom of Tier A) and 5th ranking (top of Tier B) in the 2006–07 season was 8 points, but this decreased to just a single point in the 2012–13 season. The data demonstrate that physical and technical performances have evolved more in Tier B than any other Tier in the EPL and could indicate a narrowing of the performance gap between the top two Tiers.  相似文献   

基于数值信息法的煤巷支护综合设计研究     

秦韵  曲黎薇  李诚 《北京工业职业技术学院学报》2008,7(1):19-23

针对山西大同某煤矿辅助巷道支护结构的锚杆与锚索的设计,采用理论设计、数值模拟、观测设计、工程类比几种方法的综合设计进行方案选择、设计优化。此方案不仅在经济方面,而且在技术、安全方面都满足要求,对类似的工程起到借鉴的作用。  相似文献   

实验室技术人员在研究生培养中的作用     

陈洪菊  屈艺  母得志 《实验室研究与探索》2011,30(8)

实验室技术人员作为实验室人员结构中极其重要的部分,不仅使高校的科研水平得到保证,同时在研究生培养中发挥重要作用.然而由于一些领导对于技术人员重视不够,部分研究生对技术人员讲授实验技术的重要性认识不足等原因,实验室技术人员的作用和价值不能得到充分体现.因此,学院领导和研究生导师重视实验室技术人员队伍建设,提高他们的待遇,使他们充分发挥主观能动性和自身的经验优势,积极协助研究生培养,在科研工作中充分发挥作用.  相似文献   

A focus on time-lapse ethnography: learning to teach     

Alaster Scott Douglas 《Ethnography and Education》2019,14(2):192-205

This article makes the claim that developing ethnographic work through follow-up interviews can add to our understanding of researched phenomena and explores how using concepts from Bourdieu and theories on the social construction of time strengthen the research design and add a stronger longitudinal diachronic element to data analysis. Extending an ethnographic study of learning to teach by interviewing respondents nine years after the study and after the completion of their teacher education course is shown to develop insights around the initial research findings by focusing on the temporal aspects of data. Adopting this methodological approach can develop small-scale qualitative work and contribute to an accumulation of research findings to avoid simply revisiting familiar research ground.  相似文献   

某空腹式双曲拱桥承载力现场测试与分析     

潘钦锋  颜桂云 《福建工程学院学报》2011,9(3)

为检验在役双曲拱桥的承载能力与动力特性,对某净跨为36 m空腹式双曲拱桥进行了静载试验、动载试验及空间有限元分析。测试结构的静态应变、动态应变、挠度、自振频率、振型及加速度等结构反应,计算得出冲击系数。将实测结果与有限元结果进行对比分析,结果表明:应变校验系数为0.5~0.9,结构具有较好承载力。实测的各阶频率及相应振型与有限元计算结果比较吻合,桥梁整体竖向刚度较好。  相似文献   

Maternal history of child maltreatment and maternal depression risk in the perinatal period: A longitudinal study     

《Child abuse & neglect》2017

Existing research is limited, with only a few studies considering each single type and multiple types of child maltreatment (CM) as well as multiple assessments of maternal depression throughout the perinatal period. The purpose of the study was to assess each type and accumulative types of CM in relation to the risk of maternal depression throughout the perinatal period. In total, 276 pregnant women were recruited from the prenatal clinic at a general hospital in China. Maternal CM history and depression risk were assessed at late pregnancy, postpartum week 1, and postpartum week 4 using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The GEE showed that physical and emotional neglect and multiple types of CM were associated with higher overall depression risk across the perinatal period. The multinomial regression models showed physical neglect and multiple types of CM predicted higher risk of both antepartum and postpartum depression. Emotional and sexual abuse and emotional neglect predicted antepartum depression risk, while none of the three types of CM predicted postpartum depression risk. Physical abuse did not predict antepartum and postpartum depression risk. The findings suggest that maternal history of child physical and emotional neglect play significant roles in perinatal depression risk with physical neglect as the most important predictor. Routine screening for maternal CM history and depression risk in prenatal clinics is needed to aid in the early detection and treatment of depression.  相似文献   

扁平足的研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张秀丽  刘学贞  任影萍 《河北体育学院学报》2007,21(2):80-82

采用文献资料法,从扁平足的定义与分类、测检与分级、形成原因、危害及其治疗等几个方面进行了综述,为进行系统的扁平足研究提供参考。  相似文献   

斧子口水库坝型比选研究     

刘俊宏 《大众科技》2015,(3):50-53

通过对斧子口水利枢纽坝址地形、地质条件、工程投资、环境影响、施工工期等方面进行综合比较,以及碾压混凝土重力坝、混凝土面板堆石坝、碾压混凝土拱坝三种坝型方案进行对比分析后,推荐斧子口水利枢纽为碾压混凝土重力坝坝型。  相似文献   

Coping styles in youth exposed to maltreatment: Longitudinal patterns reported by youth in foster care     

《Child abuse & neglect》2017

Coping styles in youth living in foster care with a history of maltreatment were examined to determine the nature and stability of self-reported coping behavior over time. Participants included 542 (time 1), 377 (time 2), and 299 (time 3) youth ages 8–22 years (M = 13.28 years, SD = 3.04). Using the Behavioral Inventory of Strategic Control, a dimensional, continuous measure of coping, across four possible coping styles endorsed in reference to specific potentially stressful situations, the results indicated that direct action coping was the most frequently endorsed or preferred style for more than 50% of the sample at each time point. A number of youth endorsed using more than one coping style, indicating some flexibility in the approach to coping when problems occur. Although most youth endorsed a preferred style, coping style endorsed did vary somewhat over time. The coping style endorsed also varied depending on the type of problem referenced, but no statistically significant differences were noted across situations, including social, academic, general, and foster-specific situations. Effects for age were also examined and the results indicated no significant differences across the age range for type of coping most commonly endorsed. The present study is the first large-scale, longitudinal assessment of coping styles in youth in foster care and the results suggest that coping is not a simple, categorical-only construct and the implications for the endorsement of the direct approach for youth in foster care along with the other findings are discussed.  相似文献   

On the effects of motivation on reading performance growth in secondary school   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jan Retelsdorf  Olaf KöllerJens Möller 《Learning and Instruction》2011,21(4):550-559

This research aimed at identifying unique effects of reading motivation on reading performance when controlling for cognitive skills, familial, and demographic background. We drew upon a longitudinal sample of N = 1508 secondary school students from 5th to 8th grade. Two types of intrinsic reading motivation (reading enjoyment, reading for interest), one type of extrinsic reading motivation (competition), and reading self-concept were measured by self-report questionnaires. Cognitive skills (reasoning, decoding speed) and reading performance were assessed using standardized tests and background variables were collected using student and parent questionnaires. Applying latent growth curve modeling, positive unique effects of reading enjoyment and reading self-concept and a negative unique effect of competition on the initial level of reading performance were recorded. Moreover, a positive unique effect of reading for interest on reading performance growth was recorded. One may conclude that enhancing students’ interest might be fruitful in terms of nurturing reading performance.  相似文献