Improving cognitive and physical function through 12-weeks of resistance training in older adults: Randomized controlled trial     

Paulo Ricardo Pereira Dos Santos  Bruno Remígio Cavalcante  Andreya Karolyne Dos Santos Vieira  Marcos Duarte Guimarães  Antônio Marconi Leandro Da Silva  Anderson Da Costa Armstrong 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(17):1936-1942

ABSTRACT

We performed a randomized, controlled trial to analyse the effects of resistance training (RT) on cognitive and physical function among older adults. Fifty participants (mean age 67 years, ~60% woman) were randomly assigned to an RT program or a control group. Participants allocated to RT performed three sets of 10-15RM in nine exercises, three times per week, for 12-weeks. Control group did not perform any exercise. Variables included cognitive (global and executive function) and physical function (gait, mobility and strength) outcomes. At completion of the intervention, RT was shown to have significantly mitigated the drop in selective attention and conflict resolution performance (Stroop test: -494.6; 95%CI: -883.1; ?106.1) and promoted a significant improvement in working memory (digit span forward: -0.6; 95%CI: ?1.0; ?0.1 and forward minus backward: -0.9; 95% CI: ?1.6; ?0.2) and verbal fluency (animal naming: +1.4, 95%CI 0.3, 2.5). No significant between-group differences were observed for other cognitive outcomes. Regarding physical function, at completion of the intervention, the RT group demonstrated improved fast-pace gait performance (?0.3; 95% CI: ?0.6; ?0.0) and 1-RM (+21.4 kg; 95%CI: 16.6; 26.2). No significant between-group differences were observed for other mobility-related outcomes. In conclusion, RT improves cognitive and physical function of older adults.  相似文献   

The inadequacy of individual educational program (IEP) goals for high school students with word-level reading difficulties     

Catone WV  Brady SA 《Annals of dyslexia》2005,55(1):53-78

This investigation analyzed goals from the Individual Educational Programs (IEPs) of 54 high school students with diagnosed reading disabilities in basic skills (decoding and/or word identification). Results showed that for 73% of the students, the IEPs written when they were in high school failed to specify any objectives regarding their acute difficulties with basic skills. IEPs from earlier points in the students’ educations were also reviewed, as available. For 23 of the students, IEPs were present in the students’ files for three time points: elementary school (ES), middle school (MS), and high school (HS). Another 20 students from the sample of 54 had IEPs available for two time points (HS and either MS or ES). Comparisons with the IEPs from younger years showed a pattern of decline from ES to MS to HS in the percentage of IEPs that commented on or set goals pertaining to weaknesses in decoding. These findings suggest that basic skills deficits that persist into the upper grade levels are not being sufficiently targeted for remediation, and help explain why older students frequently fail to resolve their reading problems.  相似文献   

Higher education for the elderly: Continuing in the mainstream of American life     

Stone  Gerald C. 《Research in higher education》1979,10(4):317-330

Research in Higher Education - Do persons over age 62 enroll in universities to maintain their social interaction and stay in life's mainstream? This question was researched through a...  相似文献   

Exercise but not metformin improves health-related quality of life and mood states in older adults with type 2 diabetes     

Liliana C. Baptista  Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues  Raul A. Martins 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(6):794-804

The aim of this cohort study is to analyse the effect of three types of treatment: (i) exercise training with multicomponent exercise (E); (ii) pharmacologic treatment with oral hypoglycaemic drug – metformin (M); and (iii) a combined therapy – exercise and metformin (E?+?M) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and mood states in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with comorbidity in an early stage of the disease. Participants (n?=?284) underwent 1 of the following 3 conditions: (i) E (n?=?59) trained three times/week; (ii) M (n?=?30) used 850?mg of metformin twice daily; and (iii) E?+?M (n?=?195) combined exercise and metformin. Furthermore, participants completed baseline and 2-year follow-up evaluations including a Shortform Health Survey 36, Profile of Mood States – Short-form, the health history questionnaires, anthropometric, and blood biochemistry. E and E?+?M revealed improved mood states, with large effect size on the vigour domain, and moderate effect size in the anger and total mood disturbance (TMD) domains (P?<?0.05), in comparison with the M group. After 24 months’ intervention, the E and E?+?M groups perceived better physical and mental HRQoL than the M group. The M group unchanged HRQoL domains (P?>?0.05). Metformin had no significant effect on the self-referred HRQoL in T2D participants aged above 60 years, in an early stage of the disease. The E and E?+?M were the most effective long-term therapies to improve mood states and HRQoL in older adults with T2D.  相似文献   

The Influence of Word Processing on the Revisions of Fifth Graders     

《学校用计算机》2013,30(4):89-102

No abstract available for this article.  相似文献   

体育锻炼与老年人健康   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴秀琴 《福建体育科技》1998,(6)

参加有规律的体育锻炼能延缓衰老引起的身体机能的下降。耐力运动有助于维持和改善心血管机能,减小心血管危险因素;力量运动能补偿衰老引起的肌肉质量和力量的下降。因此,有规律的体育锻炼能改善老年人机能能力,有助于老年人有一个更加健康、独立的生活方式。  相似文献   

老龄澳大利亚籍华人的身体活动观     

古凤娟  Louise Rowling 《天津体育学院学报》2007,22(3):200-206

身体活动指“由骨骼肌产生的体能消耗运动”．是保持身体健康、增进社会交往的重要方式和途径。在澳大利亚，虽然有研究调查民族群体身体活动的各个层面，但总体而言．多数研究更侧重于民族群体的同质性，而忽视了其异质性。本研究探讨在新南威尔士州居住的澳籍香港老年华人对身体活动的概念理解及对身体活动的态度。研究使用开放性问卷进行个体深度访谈，受访者22人。研究发现，大多数受访者不清楚“身体活动”这一术语的含义，对他们来说，“身体活动”是一个模糊的、复杂的术语。该群体对身体活动的态度反映了他们在预防性卫生保健方面的文化和健康观念。显然，提升澳籍香港老年华人的身体活动水平．需要一种基于文化特殊性的健康促进策略以解决对身体活动的误解，同时也需要具体的身体活动态度与华人整体性保健观念相匹配。  相似文献   

有氧运动对老年人体成分和心肺功能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

单绿叶 《浙江体育科学》2007,29(3):114-117

以温州市区经常参加有氧运动的180名老年人为实验组,同一城区无锻炼基础的200名老年人为对照组,研究有氧运动对老年人身体成分和心肺功能的影响。结果显示:经常参加有氧运动的老年人,瘦体重增加,体重指数和体脂%明显小于对照组;肺活量、最大通气量、每搏输出量和射血分数都明显提高,心肌的收缩能力明显增强(P<0.05)。提示经常参加有氧运动,有助于提高老年人的心肺功能,改善身体成分,延缓衰老的发生。  相似文献   

Evidence-based digital literacy class for older,low-income African-American adults     

Hyunjin Seo  Joseph Erba  Darcey Altschwager  Mugur Geana 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2019,47(2):130-152

Based on our community engagement project involving 47 older, low-income African-American adults from a senior community center, this study analyzes how an underserved population acquires knowledge and skills related to digital technologies. We discuss the conceptualization, implementation, and evaluation of a weekly, four-month long computer class for members of the senior community center. Our mixed-method research shows the importance of taking into account both the multidimensional nature of adult learning and the social and cultural contexts in which learning occurs when working with underserved adult populations. Findings from our formative and evaluative research offer insights into changes in the computer class participants’ attitudes toward and perspectives on key digital literacy issues including security and privacy online and online information verification. Scholarly and policy implications are discussed in the context of digital competency and adult learning for marginalized populations.  相似文献   

应对老年人受虐待的警校教学改革     

周俊山 《科教文汇》2014,(16):106-107

当前老龄化趋势及孝道文化的堕落,老年人受虐待问题在中国应该引起重视。警察保护老年人并减少老年人受虐待具有最大潜力,给警察补充有关老年人方面的知识至关重要。中国法律基础和传统养老文化为警察介入老年人受虐待提供了前提,中国警察部门具有良好的声誉,为其介入老年人受虐待问题提供了基础,老年人受虐待比较复杂,不同于其他形式的家庭暴力,应该培训。因此面对中国老龄人口和老龄化趋势,在警校中应该增设老年学课程。  相似文献