| “九州都维那”与“三州僧正” |
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| 引用本文： | 严耀中.“九州都维那”与“三州僧正”[J].临沂师范学院学报,2001,23(3):7-8. |
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| 作者姓名： | 严耀中 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海师范大学,人文学院,上海,200234 |
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| 摘 要： | 晋代僧官中有“九州都维那”之职名。维那是意译词,意为知事,加上“都”字,则不仅是中国化了的名词,而且表现了魏晋南北朝的时代特征。“都维那”仅是一种僧职,其职权范围变动不一。笔者以为,“九州都维那”不可能是一个正式的职名。“僧正”职名始见于东晋。与“都维那”不同的是,僧正是一个中国的职名,置于教团之上。在魏晋南北朝时期,其称号并不定制,至唐中后期才较普遍地定称为州一级的僧官。但“三州僧正”却并非实有其职,而是身兼三个州的僧正。“三州”和“九州”并不与其后面的“僧正”、“都维那”等僧联起来,构成一个新的实有的僧官。此种情况表明,僧官称谓有实也有虚。
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| 关 键 词： | 九州都维那 都维那 三州僧正 僧职 僧官 魏晋南北朝时期 |
| 文章编号： | 1009-6051(2001)03-0007-02 |
| 修稿时间： | 2001年4月26日 |
"Nine-state Du Wei Na"and "Three-state Seng Zheng" |
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| YAN Yao-zhong."Nine-state Du Wei Na"and "Three-state Seng Zheng"[J].Journal of Linyi Teachers' College,2001,23(3):7-8. |
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| Authors: | YAN Yao-zhong |
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| Abstract: | There was the monk lank called "Nine-state Du Wei Na"in Jin Dynasty.That '.Wei Na.is the translation name,in charge of all the monks,with the word "Na" hot only has the chinese characteristic but also has the trait of Wei,Jin and the Northern and Southern Dynasties."Du Wei Na"is the monk rank,whose power range varies.The author doesn't think it can be the formal name for a monk"Seq Zheng" was first seen in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.It is different from "Du Wei Na'. "Seng Zheng,is the Chinese rank name, which is above the religion organization,During Wei,Jin, and the Northern and Southern Dynasties,the title was not denominated until after the mid-Tang Dynasty, during which it was commonly named the monk rank within a state.However,"Three-State Seng Zheng" was not the practical rank,it was "Seng Zheng"in charge of three states."Three-strate" and "Nine-state" didn't make up a new practical monk rank with "Seng Zheng" and "Du Wei Na".This indicates that the title of the monk rank was both real and nominal. |
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| Keywords: | Nine-state Du Wei Na Du Wei Na Three-state Seng Zheng Seng Zheng monk rank |
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