| 开放教育基本特征的变迁——兼议MOOC之本源性问题 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙立会.开放教育基本特征的变迁——兼议MOOC之本源性问题[J].电大教学,2014(2):30-38. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙立会 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 本文系教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“基于交互式电子白板多元互动课堂的教学策略重构”（项目编号：13YJA880040）的阶段性研究成果. |
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| 摘 要： | 随着网络技术的进步及终身教育思想的影响，开放教育基本特征发生了四次巨大变迁。学习资源的免费获得拉开了开放教育的“闸门”，在一定程度上减轻了学习者的经济负担。但是，面对过于丰富的学习资源,学习者往往容易产生信息迷航，所以开放教育研究者把网络学习资源根据学习者的学习目的进行了深度整合，并且可以通过网络互联建立属于自己的学术共同体，降低学习者在学习过程中的孤独感。然而，伴随着2012年开始流行的大规模开放网络课程（Mooc）又一次打破了开放教育的壁垒．可以免费在线给学习者提供更加个性化和人性化的讲座服务。MOOC可能会给开放教育带来的各种契机与挑战，然而，MOOC也存在着远程教育中的一些本源性障碍，这也是不能回避的问题。每一次的变迁，都给高等教育带来深刻的影响，加速了高等教育教学方式的不断调整与改变。但值得注意的是使用网络技术来代替教育并不是最终的解决方案，网络的好玩程度已经超乎了人类的想象，利用网络来解决教育教学中的问题，会在某种程度上增加学习者罹患网络“精神病”的可能。当然，我们可以用网络技术把大学变得更加有效率、更加完善，但大学校园依旧有其独特性。
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| 关 键 词： | 开放教育 教育资源 MOOC MOOCs 本源性 |
The Changes of the Basic Features of Open Education：Some Views about the Issue of the Origin of MOOC |
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| Authors: | Sun Lihui |
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| Institution: | Sun Lihui ( Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, BeiJing 100875 ) |
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| Abstract: | With the progress of network technology and the influence of the life-long education thought, the basic features of open education have witnessed four huge changes. Free access to learning resources opens the ＂gate＂ of the open education, to a certain extent, which reduces the learners economic burden. However, in the face of overly abundant learning resources, learners tend to produce information trek, so the open education researchers, according to the purpose of learning, make a deep integration of network learning resources. In addition, the academic community can be set up by means of connecting through the network, so as to reduce the loneliness of learners in the learning process. However, in 2012, hot Massive Open Online Courses （MOOCs） provided more personalized and humanized lecture services available online for free for the learners, which broke the barriers in open education. The paper firstly focuses on the opportunities and challenges brought by MOOC, however, MOOC also has some original obstacles in distance education, which is also an unavoidable problem. Every change of open education exerts the profound influence on the higher education, which accelerates the adjustment and change of higher education teaching methods. But it is worth noting that the use of network technology to take the place of education is not the final solution. The pleasure brought by network has been beyond human imagination, so to some extent, the use of network to solve the problems in the education teaching may develop the learners＇ network ＂mental illness＂. Of course, the network technology can be used to make the university to become perfect and more efficient, but the university campus still has its uniqueness. |
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| Keywords: | Open education Educational resources MOOC MOOCs Origin |
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