| 休屠、屠各和刘渊族姓 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈琳国.休屠、屠各和刘渊族姓[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2006(4):105-111. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈琳国 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学,历史学院,北京,100875 |
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| 摘 要： | 有学者认为,匈奴屠各来自休屠王部,身为屠各的刘渊应为休屠王部的后裔,他的南匈奴单于嫡裔身世系假托。考查历史资料,可知,西汉武帝时浑邪王部与休屠王部降汉,汉在缘边五郡故塞外置属国安置之。休屠王部部众被称为休屠,主要分布在凉、秦二州。十六国时期,有的休屠人已经发展为当地的大族。而屠各或异译为“休屠各”、“休著各”、“休著屠各”,可以混用。但是,休屠与屠各及其异译绝不混用。由于南匈奴单于与部众之间的矛盾长期积聚和不断激化,酿成中平五年南匈奴的事变,作为南匈奴“国人”,屠各在事变中扮演了重要的角色。屠各种是匈奴占统治地位的部落,包括匈奴单于挛鞮氏及呼延、卜、兰、乔所谓“四姓”。《晋书.北狄匈奴传》关于“屠各最豪贵,故得为单于”的记载无可怀疑。屠各刘渊本是南匈奴单于嫡裔,绝非假托。南匈奴五部都以屠各刘氏为部帅,故五部匈奴都称为屠各,这不是所谓屠各之称的泛化。
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| 关 键 词： | 休屠 屠各 南匈奴 刘渊 |
| 文章编号： | 1002-0209（2006）04-0105-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-04-18 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005-04-18 |
Xiu Chu, Chu Ge and LIU Yuan's Family Clan |
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| CHEN Lin-guo.Xiu Chu, Chu Ge and LIU Yuan's Family Clan[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Science Edition),2006(4):105-111. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Lin-guo |
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| Abstract: | Some scholars think that the Chu Ge tribe of the Xingnu people came from the tribe of King Xiu Chu;and LIU Yuan,a member of the Chu Ge clan,should be the descendent of the tribe of King Xiu Chu,so the understanding that he had a King Clan of the South Xiongnu is false.However,according to the relevant historical records,the tribe of the King Hunyie and that of the King Xiu Chu surrendered to the West Han during the reign of Emperor Wu,and the surrendered Xiongnu people were settled in the five prefectures on the outskirt where the previous vassal states located.The tribe of King Xiu Chu was called Xiu Chu,mainly distributing along the two districts of Liang and Qin.And later during the time of the Sixteen States,some Xiu Chu people had already developed into local big families.Meanwhile,Chu Ge had other translation names,such as Xiu Chu Ge,or Xiu Zhu Ge,or Xiu Zhu Chu Ge,all of which may be alternatively used.But Xiu Chu should not be confused with Chu Ge and its alternative names.Furthermore,the king of the South Xiongnu tribe had long conceived hatred and conflicts with his tribe peoples,which eventually led to the South Xiongnu Incident in the 5th year of Zhongping.And as the countrymen of the South Xiongnu,the tribe of Chu Ge played an important role in the event.Chu Ge is a dominant tribe among all Xiongnu peoples.It includes the King of Xiongnu surnamed Luan di,and the so-called four surnames of Huyan,Bu,Lan,and Qiao.The recording in the Jin Book of North Primitive Xiongnu Biography of "Chu Ge was the most powerful and the noblest tribe,so it descended from the King's clan" is out of question.So the proposal that LIU Yuan of the Chu Ge tribe is on the bloodline of the King of South Xiongnu is not a pretext at all.In fact,since all the five tribes of South Xiongnu were headed by generals with Chu Ge LIU,all of the five Xiongnu tribes are called Chu Ge,which is not an extended name for all Chu Ge tribes. |
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| Keywords: | the Xiu Chu tribe the Chu Ge tribe the South Xiongnu tribes LIU Yuan |
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