| 知母的胚胎学研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈祖铿,王伏雄,李芝莉.知母的胚胎学研究[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,1990,28(3):223-227. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈祖铿 王伏雄 李芝莉 |
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| 摘 要： | 知母(Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge)为百合科的一个单种属，雄蕊三枚，小孢子母细胞
分裂为连续型，成熟花粉含2个细胞；蓼型胚囊，具反足吸器；胚乳发育属沼生目型；合子在12—16个
胚乳游离核阶段进行第一次分裂。胚珠倒生，厚珠心。两轮花被；花丝和药隔等组织中，星散分布着明显的晶束细胞。
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| 关 键 词： | 知母 胚胎发生 花粉 胚囊 胚乳 |
Investigation on Embryology of Anemarrhena asphodeloides |
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| Chen Zu-Keng,Wang Fu-Hsiung,Li Zhi-Li.Investigation on Embryology of Anemarrhena asphodeloides[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,1990,28(3):223-227. |
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| Authors: | Chen Zu-Keng Wang Fu-Hsiung Li Zhi-Li |
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| Abstract: | Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge is the only species of Anemarrhena in Li-
liaceae, which possesses three stamens. The flowers in this species have following features:
(1) Crystalliferous cells are present in the perianth and the filament. (2) Epidermal cells of
filaments and the inner perianth appears verruciform. (3) In longitudinal section, a number
of the multicellular hairs were found in the apex of the inner perianth. The above characteris-
tics of Anemarrhena are possibly important and differ from those of the other genera in
Liliaceae.
The main aim of the present paper is to deal with the female gametophyte and embryo-
genesis in Anemarrhena. The development of embryo sac is similar to that of Ornithogalum
(Tilton et al., 1981), belonging to the Polygonum type, but there is a short embryo sac hausto-
rium at the antipodal end. Before fertilization the two polar muclei fuse into a secondary nu-
cleus. The filiform apparatus was found in the synergid.
The early development of proembryo in Anemarrhena is similar to that of Najas (Hu,
1982). After fertilization the zygote has a short stage of dormancy. When the endosperm
has 12-16 free nuclei, the first division of the zygote takes place, forming an apical cell and
a basal cell. Then the apical cell undergoes transversal divisions 2 or 3 times, forming a line
of three to four cells. The basal cell usually does not further divide.
The endosperm formation in Anemarrhena is the Helobial type. The small chalazal cham-
ber is usually ephemeral and 2-4-nucleate, while the large micropylar one may be a multi-nucleate before wall formation. |
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| Keywords: | Anemarrhena asphodeloides embryogenesis embryo sac endosperm Pollen |
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