| 中国区域化肥利用特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘忠,隋晓晨.中国区域化肥利用特征分析[J].资源科学,2008,30(6):822-828. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘忠 隋晓晨 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京,100193 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划
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国家科技支撑计划
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国家引进国际先进农业科学技术计划(948计划) |
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| 摘 要： | 以化肥区划中的一二级分区为研究单元，分析了我国目前的化肥施用现状，以及不同区域在化肥施肥量和肥料比例等方面的特征及差异。结过表明：黄淮海平原区、长江中下游区和东北区是我国化肥消费的主要区域，化肥消费．6-量占到了全国消费总量的2／3多；其次为西南、华南和北部高原区，占全国化肥消费总量的30％；各一级区单质氮肥和磷肥的比例在逐步下降，而复合肥和单质钾肥的比例再逐步提高。但总体而言，磷氮比近几年各一级区变化不大，稳定在0．6左右，钾氯比还处于一个很低的水平；各区域单位播种面积化肥施用量从1983年到2004年有了很大的提高。东北区、西南区和西北区历年均为全国施肥水平最低的区域，而北部高原区、华南区、黄淮海区和长江中下游区为历年全国施肥水平最高的区域。
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| 关 键 词： | 化肥 区域 特征 区划 中国 区域 化肥利用 特征分析 Fertilizer Use Characteristics 黄淮海区 华南 施肥水平 西北区 西南区 化肥施用量 播种面积 单位 稳定 变化 磷氮 钾肥 复合肥 磷肥 |
Regional Characteristics of Fertilizer Use in China |
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| LIU Zhong and SHUI Xiao-chen.Regional Characteristics of Fertilizer Use in China[J].Resources Science,2008,30(6):822-828. |
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| Authors: | LIU Zhong and SHUI Xiao-chen |
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| Abstract: | This paper used county-level data to analyze historical changes in fertilizer use at the regional level from 1983 to 2004. The Chinese mainland was divided into 8 regions and 31 sub-regions for analysis of quantity and type of fertilizer use. Results show that fertilizer consumption in China's main grain production regions accounts for the majority of fertilizer use nationwide, more than 66%. The proportion of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer consumption is decreasing in recent years, while compound and potassium fertilizer use is increasing gradually. There is no significant difference in the ratio of P to N application between different regions, with values ranging from 0.48 to 0.71 but around 0.6 in most regions, which is considered reasonable. For K to N ratio, the maximum value was 0.47, but in most regions was below 0.20, which is considered relatively low. Regional patterns of fertilizer use showed different growth trends over the study period. At present, the quantity of fertilizer use in most sub-regions is more than 225 kg/hm2 for sown area, which suggests that fertilizer overuse is widespread and raises concerns over non-point source pollution. |
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| Keywords: | Fertilizer Region Nutrient ratios China |
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