| 三尖杉科的核形态学研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 顾志建,周其兴,岳中枢.三尖杉科的核形态学研究[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,1998,36(1):47-52. |
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| 作者姓名： | 顾志建 周其兴 岳中枢 |
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| 摘 要： | 4种三尖杉科植物的核形态结构的研究结果如下:它们的间期核均为复杂染色中心型，分裂前期
染色体属于中间型，体细胞分裂中期染色体的核型为:(1)三尖杉Cephalotaxus fortuni Hook．F.，K2n=
24=21m+1M+2sm(2SAT)，核型不对称性属于2A型，着丝点端化值(T.C.％)为53．99；(2)高山三尖
杉C.alpina(Li)L.K.Fu，K2n=24=19m+3M+2sm(2SAT)，核型不对称性属于2A型，T.C.％值为
53.93；(3)海南粗榧(西双版纳粗榧)C.mannii Hook.f., K2n=24=22m(1SAT)+2sm(2SAT)，核型不
对称性属于2A型，T.C.％值为54.47；(4)篦子三尖杉C.oliveri Mast.，K2n＝24＝22m+2sm(2SAT)，
核型不对称性属于2B型，T.C.％值为53.53。4种三尖杉的染色体结构都是1～22号染色体为m染色
体，23和24号染色体为sm染色体并具随体，其随体较大而稳定。它们的核形态结构较为相似，从核型
参数上看似乎三尖杉和高山三尖杉的亲缘关系最近，种间的中期染色体结构也有一些细微差异。除三尖杉C．fortunei仅有染色体数目的报道外，这4个种的核形态研究为首次报道。
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| 关 键 词： | 三尖杉科 核形态学 |
A Karyomorphological Study of Cephalotaxaceae |
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| GU Zhi-Jian,ZHOU Qi-Xing,YUE Zhong-Shu.A Karyomorphological Study of Cephalotaxaceae[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,1998,36(1):47-52. |
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| Authors: | GU Zhi-Jian ZHOU Qi-Xing YUE Zhong-Shu |
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| Abstract: | The present paper has investigated the karyomorphology of 4 species in the
Cephalotaxaceae for the first time. The morphology of interphase nuclei of all these species
was found to belong to the complex chromocenter type, to be with a big dark-stained chro-
matin block which lies in one side of cells and many dark-stained chromatin particles evenly
distributed in the cells. And the somatic chromosomes at mitotic prophase of these species
belong to the interstitial type, contain many heterochromatic and euchromatic segments ar-
ranged one after another. The karyotypes of metaphase chromosomes were formulated to be
K2n=24=21m＋1M＋2sm(2SAT) for C.fortunei,K2n=24=19m＋3M＋2sm(2SAT)
for C.alpina, K2n=24=22m＋2sm(2SAT) for C.oliveri, and K2n=24=22m(1SAT)
＋2sm(2SAT) for C.mannii. The karyotype asymmetry of C.fortunei, C.alpina and
C. mannii was all of 2A type, except that of C. oliveri being 2B type. The centromeric
terminalization value (T.C. %) was 53.99% for C. fortunei, 53.93% for C. alpina,
54.47% for C. mannii and 53.53% for C. oliveri respectively. The four species in the
Cephalotaxaceae share the similar karyotype at the metaphase stage, in which No.1 to
No.22 were mchromosomes (including Mchromosomes), and No.23 to No.24 were sm
chromosomes with satellites on their short arms. As these two smchromosomes with satel
lites were stable and obvious, we consider them as chromosomes typical of the Cephalotaxac
eae. Nevertheless there also exist differences among the four species, i.e. No.22 mchromo
some of C.mannii still having a satellite on its short arm, while there were no satellites on
the short arms of the other three species. In addition, the number and location of secondary
constriction of the other three species are different from each other, but no satellites were ob
served in C. alpina because of the extreme contraction of the chromosomes. From the kary-
otypic parameters mentioned above, C. fortunei and C. alpina have the closest relation-ship. |
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| Keywords: | Cehalotaxaceae KaryomophOlogy |
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