| 论智者司马懿 |
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| 引用本文： | 杜云.论智者司马懿[J].襄樊职业技术学院学报,2004,3(4):116-118. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杜云 |
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| 作者单位： | 枣阳白水高级中学,湖北,枣阳,441021 |
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| 摘 要： | 司马懿是中国历史上杰出的军事家，略谋家和政治家。从曹操执政之始他就在被猜忌中凭才干一步步走上了权力的颠峰，直至受遗二主。佐命三朝，为后来以晋代魏奠定了基础。和司马懿同时代的政治家，军事家，以及以后一些史书，例如《晋书》，对司马懿都作出了极高的评价。但是自宋以来，司马懿的历史地位渐被湮没，明清至今，尤其是一部家喻户晓的《三国演义》，以及由此派生出来的戏剧小说、说唱文学更是把司马懿说成了无能甚至是反派人物。这种演变，同尊刘反曹的正统思想和诸葛亮被神化是一致的，同步的。其实在三国鼎立中，借吴刀杀关羽，诸葛亮六出祁山，屡战屡败，皆出自司马懿之手。至于妇孺皆知的《失街亭》，《斩马谡》，也当然掩盖不了司马懿的智慧。就连空城计。从战略上来说，司马懿也是胜利者，是他作为一个智者的神来之笔。他更有许多鲜为人知的辉煌战绩和高妙谋略被埋没。如“静卧待刺客”，“神速擒孟达”，“百日平辽东”，“韬晦诛曹爽”等。这些史事都表现了司马懿足智多谋，变化若神，所向无敌。现在司马懿的军事才能已经逐渐被人们认识。
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| 关 键 词： | 司马懿 军事家 政治家 智慧 空城计 《三国演义》 |
| 文章编号： | 1671-914X(2004)03-0116-03 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年2月5日 |
On the Wise--Si Mayi |
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| DU Yun.On the Wise--Si Mayi[J].Journal of Xiangfan Vocational and Technical College,2004,3(4):116-118. |
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| Authors: | DU Yun |
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| Abstract: | In the history of China, Si Ma-yi is a famous strategist and statesman. From the time when Cao cao was in power, he gradually stepped on the top of power against others' suspicion and jealousy till he was put in an important position by two kings and assisted them for three dynasties, which laid a foundation for Jin instead of Wei. At the same age, another strategies and statesmen and some historical books such as "Book on Jin" gave him a praise highly. However, since song dynasty, his historical position came to be neglected. From Ming and Qing dynasty, especially, in the fomous historical novel on Three Kingdoms and some plays and novels, he was described as an incompetent person, even a negative role. Such evolution was in conformity with respecting Liu against Cao and deified Zhu Ge liang. In fact, in the prime of Three Kingdoms, killing Guan Yu by pretending Wu,Zhu Geliang going to Qi Mountain for six times with failing each time, all were concerned with him. As to famous"Lost Jie Teng" and "Cut Masu", all these works could show his wisdom. Even Trick on Emptying City could display that he was a winner from the side of strategy. There were a lot of historical facts about him which were neglected, such as, "lying quietly for murderer", "catching Meng Da by fast speed", "attacking east of Liao within one hundred days", "killing Cao Shuang by concealling his true features or intensions" etc. All of these could display his wisdom, flexibility and success to the full. Now, Si Mayi's talents in military have been come to realize by people. |
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| Keywords: | Si Mayi the wise tolerance Trick on Emptying City |
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