| 脑功能成像研究对语言功能一侧化的新认识 |
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| 引用本文： | 董奇,薛贵,乔文达.脑功能成像研究对语言功能一侧化的新认识[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2003(4):60-67. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董奇 薛贵 乔文达 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学,心理学院脑与认知科学研究所,北京,100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家攀登计划;95-专-09; |
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| 摘 要： | 语言功能的半球一侧化是近一个半世纪以来科学研究的重要问题。近10多年来,运用fMRI、PET以及ERPs等脑功能成像手段,研究者发现语言功能的半球优势模式具有时间、空间的特异性和任务的相关性;它在个体发展的早期就已经显现,任务难度、生理成熟是影响一侧化年龄发展模式的重要中介因素;材料的语言属性而非物理特性可能是影响激活侧化的关键因素,语言功能的一侧化与大脑结构不对称性密切相关。这些结果大大丰富了人们对语言功能一侧化现象的认识,同时表明,运用脑功能成像技术,研究者已经开始触及到语言一侧化的核心问题,即其一侧化的内在认知与神经机制问题。
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| 关 键 词： | 语言 功能成像 一侧化 线索相关 任务相关 |
| 文章编号： | 1002-0209(2003)04-0060-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年5月2日 |
Evaluation of Language Asymmetry with Functional Neural Imaging Techniques: Patterns, Development and Mechanism |
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| Abstract: | Functional asymmetry of language in human brain has been a topic of scientific research for nearly one and a half centuries. In the past two decades, prominent advances have been achieved by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET) and multiple-channel event-related potentials (ERPs). Recent functional imaging results indicated that most normal right-handed adults have left hemispheric predominance for language function, but the exact pattern of lateralization is task-related and also specified in a given temporal and spatial scale. Language asymmetry can be observed in very young children, the degree of laterality is modulated by task difficulty and also brain maturation. Furthermore, most current studies on the underlying cognitive and neuroanatomical mechanism of language asymmetry tended to suggest that the involvement of left hemisphere for language maybe be task dependent rather than cue dependent, and there exists significant correlation between the functional asymmetry and structural asymmetry. These findings greatly further our understanding on the spatial and temporal pattern of language asymmetry, as well as its development. Most importantly, this indicated that by using functional imaging techniques, we now begin to touch the core question of language asymmetry, that is, the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying language lateralization. |
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| Keywords: | language functional imaging lateralization cue dependence task dependence |
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