| 新加坡中学生使用汉语常用介词的特点与偏误 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘振平.新加坡中学生使用汉语常用介词的特点与偏误[J].暨南大学华文学院学报,2014(4):16-31. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘振平 |
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| 作者单位： | 南洋理工大学国立教育学院,新加坡,637616 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文考察了28个汉语常用介词在新加坡中学生作文中的使用情况。首先提出了鉴别新加坡汉语学习者使用汉语介词的特点和偏误的标准。在此基础上，认定了新加坡中学生使用汉语介词的4个特点：“被”字句的使用频率、存在句句首处所词语前使用介词“在”的频率、“当……时／的时候”的使用频率都很高，以及目前已经很少使用带“来得”的“比”字比较句：8类偏误：有关框式介词的偏误、介词冗余、介词短语所处的位置有误、介词与介引成分及介词短语与谓语动词搭配不当、介词之间的混用、将介词短语用作动词短语、介词短语的否定表达有误、语句意义不明；并进而提出了5项教学建议：通过汉英对比强调汉语介词用法上的特点、突出强调时间词作状语和方位短语作定语的结构特点、确立易混淆的介词并加强辨析教学、依据语块教学理论加强框式介词的教学、用认知图式来阐释结构和语义的问题。
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| 关 键 词： | 新加坡 中学生 汉语常用介词 偏误 |
A Study of Characteristics and Errors of Frequently-Used Chinese Prepositions by Singapore Secondary Students |
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| Liu Zhenping.A Study of Characteristics and Errors of Frequently-Used Chinese Prepositions by Singapore Secondary Students[J].Journal of College of Chinese Language and Culture of Jinan University,2014(4):16-31. |
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| Authors: | Liu Zhenping |
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| Institution: | Liu Zhenping (National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 637616, Singapore) |
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| Abstract: | This article explored the usage of 28 frequently used Chinese prepositions based on the Secondary Students＇ Chinese essay data with total number of 300,000 Chinese characters collected in Singapore. According to the local grammar rules in Singapore instead of the grammar rules of mandarin, the article brought up the standard of identifying the characteristics and errors of prepositions used by Singapore Chinese learners. Moreover, it was affirmed that there are four main characteristics： high frequency of bei （被） sentence, preposition za/ （在） before location words at the beginning of existential sentences, and phrase dang shi/de shihou （ 当……时/的时候 ）, and few bi （ 比 ） comparison sentences with laide. And the eight types of errors are as follows： errors regarding cireumposition, preposition redundancy, misplaced preposition phrase, inappropriate collocation, mixed use of prepositions, misuse of preposition phrase as verb phrase, errors in negation of prepositions phrase, unclear sentence meaning. Then five teaching suggestions are put forward： to emphasize the characteristics of Chinese prepositions by comparing Chinese and English language, emphasize the structural features of adverbial time words and attributive location phrase, identify the prepositions that are easily confused, enhance the teaching of circumposition according to the theory of language chunks, and use cognitive schema to define the structural and semantic problems. |
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| Keywords: | Singapore secondary students frequently-used Chinese prepositions error |
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