Preliminary screening and identification of stem cell-like sphere clones in a gallbladder cancer cell line GBC-SD |
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| Authors: | Yin Bao-bing Wu Shuang-jie Zong Hua-jie Ma Bao-jin Cai Duan |
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| Institution: | (1) Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China;(2) Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, P. R. China;(3) Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, 250117, P. R. China;(4) Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, 030000, P. R. China;(5) Weifang University, Weifang, 261041, P. R. China;(6) Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Cancer Institute, Cancer Hospital/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, 270 Dong’An Road , Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China |
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| Abstract: | This paper aims to screen and identify sphere clone cells with characteristics similar to cancer stem cells in human gallbladder
cancer cell line GBC-SD. GBC-SD cells were cultured in a serum-free culture medium with different concentrations of the chemotherapeutic
drug cisplatin for generating sphere clones. The mRNA expressions of stem cell-related genes CD133, OCT-4, Nanog, and drug
resistance genes ABCG2 and MDR-1 in sphere clones were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Stem cell markers were also analyzed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescent staining. Different amounts of sphere clones
were injected into nude mice to test their abilities to form tumors. Sphere clones were formed in serum-free culture medium
containing cisplatin (30 μmol/L). Flow cytometry results demonstrated that the sphere clones expressed high levels of stem
cell markers CD133+ (97.6%) and CD44+ (77.9%) and low levels of CD24+ (2.3%). These clones also overexpressed the drug resistance genes ABCG2 and MDR-1. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that
sphere clones expressed stem cell genes Nanog and OCT-4 284 and 266 times, respectively, more than those in the original GBC-SD
cells. Immunofluorescent staining showed that sphere clones overexpressed OCT-4, Nanog, and SOX-2, and low expressed MUC1
and vimentin. Tumor formation experiments showed that 1×103 sphere clone cells could induce much larger tumors in nude mice than 1×105 GBC-SD cells. In conclusion, sphere clones of gallbladder cancer with stem cell-like characteristics can be obtained using
suspension cultures of GBC-SD cells in serum-free culture medium containing cisplatin. |
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| Keywords: | Gallbladder cancer Stem cell gene Sphere clone Suspension culture |
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