| 核能综合利用研究现状与展望 |
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| 引用本文： | 王建强,戴志敏,徐洪杰.核能综合利用研究现状与展望[J].中国科学院院刊,2019,34(4):460-468. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王建强 戴志敏 徐洪杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA21000000） |
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| 摘 要： | 核能是满足能源供应、保证国家安全的重要支柱之一。核能发电在技术成熟性、经济性、可持续性等方面具有很大的优势,同时相较于水电、光电、风电具有无间歇性、受自然条件约束少等优点,是可以大规模替代化石能源的清洁能源。目前核能主要用于发电,只有少数反应堆应用于核能供热和海水淡化。随着技术的发展,尤其是第四代核能系统技术逐渐成熟和应用,核能有望超脱出仅仅提供电力的角色。文章围绕核能的综合利用,从高效发电、核能制氢、海水淡化、核能供热和高温工艺热利用的角度,分别阐述了核能综合利用现状以及未来发展趋势,最后展望了核能在未来构建多能融合的复合能源系统中的重要作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 核能 第四代核反应堆 综合利用 核能制氢 核能供热 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/4/7 0:00:00 |
Research Status and Prospect of Comprehensive Utilization of Nuclear Energy |
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| WANG Jianqiang,DAI Zhimin and XU Hongjie.Research Status and Prospect of Comprehensive Utilization of Nuclear Energy[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2019,34(4):460-468. |
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| Authors: | WANG Jianqiang DAI Zhimin and XU Hongjie |
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| Institution: | Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China,Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China and Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China |
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| Abstract: | Nuclear energy is essential for energy supply and national security. Compared with hydropower, optoelectronics, and wind power, as the clean energy replacing fossil fuels in the future, nuclear power takes great advantage in technology maturity, economical efficiency, as well as sustainability and natural environment flexibility. Come so far, except for a few reactors used for district heating and seawater desalination, nuclear energy is mainly used for power generation. With the development of technology, especially the gradually matured and applied fourth-generation nuclear energy system, nuclear energy is expected for a comprehensive utilization in different areas. This paper elaborates the current status and future development trend of nuclear energy utilization from the highefficient power generation, high-temperature steam electrolysis, water desalination, district heating, and high-temperature industry process. Finally, it is expected that in the near future nuclear energy will occupy an important position in the hybrid-energy system. |
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| Keywords: | nuclear energy fourth-generation reactor nuclear comprehensive utilization nuclear hydrogen production nuclear district heating |
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