National identity in a divided nation: South Koreans’ attitudes toward North Korean defectors and the reunification of two Koreas |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Political Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Politics and International Relations, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Israel;2. Department of Social Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary;1. Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Institute for Population and Human Studies, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria |
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| Abstract: | This paper examines how national identity is associated with South Koreans’ attitudes toward North Korean defectors and their opinions on the relationship between two Koreas. Using a nationally representative survey, we find that individuals high on ethnic identity are more likely to harbor negative attitudes toward migrants from North Korea and less likely to believe that the reunification between two Koreas is necessary. The findings suggest that alleged common belief in “one nation, two countries” notwithstanding, political division has led South Koreans to regard North Korean citizens as an out-group, who are not clearly distinguishable from non-coethnic immigrants. |
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| Keywords: | National identity Civic identity Ethnic identity North Korean defectors Immigrants |
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