| 洮儿河流域土地利用变化对地表蒸散量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘强,何岩,崔保山.洮儿河流域土地利用变化对地表蒸散量的影响[J].资源科学,2007,29(4):121-126. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘强 何岩 崔保山 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875
2. 中国科学院,北京100864 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划);中国博士后科学基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 在全球变化以及人类活动的双重影响下,流域水文循环具有明显的二元结构特征。地表蒸散作为流域水文循环的重要环节,体现了流域内物质、能量和信息体系的变化,与土地利用/覆被变化息息相关。本文研究中从洮儿河流域土地利用/覆被变化的时空动态入手,借助于Penman-Monteith模型计算获取了洮儿河流域的生长季蒸散量,在分析流域内蒸散量变化时空动态规律及其特点的基础之上,以生态干扰度指数将土地利用方式的变迁对地表蒸散量影响程度展现出来。结果表明从3个时段的蒸散量来看均较前期均呈增加趋势,空间上流域蒸散发呈分散增加趋势,中下游地区尤为明显;生态干扰度指数反映出土地利用方式的变迁引起土地覆被格局变化对参考作物蒸散量的调节能力降低,甚至起到了一定的放大作用,局地蒸发旺盛,造成次生盐渍化等生态环境问题在洮儿河流域凸现。
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| 关 键 词： | 松嫩平原西部 土地利用/覆被 蒸散发 盐渍化 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588（2007）04-0121-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 8/2/2006 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 3/5/2007 12:00:00 AM |
Land Use/Cover Change and Its Influence on the Evapotranspiration in Taoer River Basin |
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| LIU Qiang,HE Yan and CUI Bao-shan.Land Use/Cover Change and Its Influence on the Evapotranspiration in Taoer River Basin[J].Resources Science,2007,29(4):121-126. |
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| Authors: | LIU Qiang HE Yan and CUI Bao-shan |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Environment, the Beijing Normal University, Bering 100875, China; 2. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China |
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| Abstract: | Under the influence of the global change and human activity,the water cycle shows two-dimensional hydrological characteristic in the watershed.The evapotranspiration is one of the key taches of the water cycle,which embodiments the balance of the substance,energy and the information system.The evapotranspiration is closely related to the land use and land cover change.In this paper,the authors first give the dynamic characteristics of the land use and land cover change;and then,the tempo-spatial characteristics of the potential evapotranspiration by means of the Penman-Monteith equation.By interpreting Landsat TM images,dynamic information of land use in Taoer river basin in 1986,1996 and 2000 is obtained.The area of paddy field increased most,with a rate of(5 425.71) hm~2 per year,then the glebe and saline-alkali field followed,with a ratecof(3 983.56) hm~2 per year and(2 028.35) ha per year,respectively.The area of grassland and water decreased most,with a rate of(-8 571.30) hm~2 per year and(-3 952.25) hm~2 per year,respectively.Using Penman-Monteith equation,we get the evapotranspiration of Taoer river basin in growing season.Then, in the environment of ARC/INFO 8.3,crop potential evapotranspiraiton is obtained based on the analyses of land use.Monthly crop potential evapotranspiraiton shows as an inverse "U" curve in a year,and reaches its maximum in July.Yearly totals show an increment in 15 years,from 455 mm in 1986,507 mm in 1996 to 571 mm in 2000.Generally evapotranspiration increased obviously along the river from upper reach to lower reach,and its high values distribute in low plain of lower reach every year.Hemeroby in Taoer river basin is-0.0327 in 1986,-0.0122 in 1996 and 0.0394 in 2000.Hemeroby shows that the land use and land cover change in this region has amplified the effect of climatic change and reduced the regulation of land use and land cover pattern on evapotranspiration.Locally increasing evapotranspiration intensified soil salinization and induced a series of eco-environmental problems. |
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| Keywords: | estern of the Songnen plain Land use and land cover Evapotranspiration Salinization |
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