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Moral relations in encounters with nature
Authors:Karin Andersson  Johan Öhman
Institution:1. Sport Science, School of Health and Medical Sciences, ?rebro University, ?rebro 701 82, Swedenkarin.andersson@oru.se;3. School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, ?rebro University, ?rebro 701 82, Sweden
Abstract:The overall aim of this article is to develop in-depth knowledge about the connection between outdoor experiences and moral attitudes towards nature. The study focuses on processes in which moral relations are at stake in encounters between students and nature. The purpose is to identify such events, describe their specific circumstances and clarify how moral relations are established in these events. The empirical material consists of video-recordings of activities in three different outdoor education practices. In order to identify and categorise moral situations, an analytical tool called the ethical tendency is used. This tool is based on Wittgenstein’s language game method. The findings show that in the investigated outdoor education practices, moral relations towards nature are established in several different ways. The article concludes with four educational implications: responsibility when dealing with moral reactions; bringing ethical questions to the fore; different educational conditions create different encounters with nature; and the consequences of different language games.
Keywords:outdoor education  nature experience  nature connectivity  moral relations  ethical reflections  environmental concern
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