Survivors of institutional abuse in long-term child care in Scotland |
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| Institution: | 1. Te Puaruruhau (Child Protection Team), Starship Children’s Health, Private Bag 92024, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;2. Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;1. School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;2. Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia;3. NSW Department of Family and Community Services, NSW, Australia;4. Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;5. School of Social Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;6. School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia;7. Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia;1. Charleston Area Medical Center/West Virginia University – Charleston Division, Charleston, WV, United States;2. West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States;3. Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, United States;4. University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, United States;5. Health Education and Research Institute, Outcomes Research, Charleston Area Medical Center, Charleston, WV, United States;1. Université du Québec à Montréal, Department of Psychology, C.P. 8888, succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada;2. Université du Québec à Montréal, Department of Sexology, C.P. 8888, succ. Centre-ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada;3. Centre de recherche, Institut Philippe-Pinel de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;1. Edinburgh Napier University, School of Health & Social Care, Edinburgh, UK;2. NHS Lothian, Rivers Centre for Traumatic Stress, Edinburgh, UK;3. Ulster University, School of Psychology, Derry, UK;4. NHS Scotland, The State Hospital & Forensic Network, UK;5. Edinburgh University, Division of Psychiatry, Edinburgh, UK;6. HMP YOI Cornton Vale, Scottish Prison Service, Stirling, UK;7. National College of Ireland, School of Business, Dublin, Ireland |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe Scottish Child Abuse Inquiry (SCAI) commissioned the research project to document the outcomes of institutional abuse in long-term child care in Scotland.ObjectiveTo profile the experiences of survivors abused in long-term child care in Scotland, and to develop a model which linked maltreatment, risk and protective factors, and outcomes.Participants and Setting225 survivors of historical institutional abuse in Scotland, who made witness statements to SCAI.MethodsData were extracted from witness statements using a coding frame developed through a thematic analysis of a subsample of 52 statements.ResultsSurvivors had been in care in predominantly Catholic and non-religious residential institutions in Scotland for an average of 8 years, having entered at an average age of 6.8 years. They had suffered multiple forms of maltreatment. Maltreatment rates were: physical abuse, 95.6%; emotional abuse, 85.3%; sexual abuse, 60.4%; emotional neglect, 51.1%; and physical neglect, 37.3%. Across the lifespan survivors had negative outcomes in psychosocial adjustment (96%), mental health (84%), and physical health (43%). The effect of maltreatment in care on psychosocial problems was mediated by both risk and protective factors; and on mental health was mediated by risk factors, but not protective factors. Maltreatment in care had a direct effect on physical health which was not mediated by risk or protective factors. The effects of the cumulative number of risk factors on adverse mental health and psychosocial outcomes was greater than that of maltreatment, and protective factors had a limited impact on adverse outcomes.ConclusionsEvidence-based child protection policies and practices should be implemented to prevent institutional abuse and treat child abuse survivors in Scotland. |
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| Keywords: | Institutional abuse Child care Scottish child abuse inquiry Clerical abuse |
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