Intergenerational transmission of child maltreatment: Predictors of child emotional maltreatment among 11 to 17 years old children residing in communities of Karachi,Pakistan |
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| Institution: | 1. Aga Khan University, Department of Community Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan;2. Aga Khan University, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Karachi, Pakistan;3. Aga Khan University Hospital, Department of Pediatric and Child Health, Karachi, Pakistan;1. Ministry of Health, Nutrition & Indigenous Medicine, Suwasiripaya, No 38, Rev. Baddegama Wimalawansa Thero Mawatha, Colombo 10, Sri Lanka;2. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka;3. Dept. of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka;1. Suez Canal University, Egypt & Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar;2. Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar;3. Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar;4. Kings College, London, United Kingdom;1. Hangzhou College of Preschool Education, Zhejiang Normal University, China;2. Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Malawi;1. School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Griffith University, Australia;2. Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Australia;3. School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Sciences, CQU University, Brisbane, Australia;1. Director of Research, Vincent J. Fontana Center, NY Foundling, 590 6th Ave, New York, NY 10011, United States;2. Professor of Psychology and Education, Teachers College, Columbia University, United States |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveFamilies where parents had childhood history of victimization may likely to abuse their children; hence contributing as an important predictor of child emotional maltreatment (CEM). This study aimed to determine the relationship of intergenerational abuse with CEM among 11–17 years old children residing in peri-urban and urban communities of Karachi, Pakistan.MethodStructured interviews were conducted with 800 children and parents-pair using validated questionnaire “International Child Abuse Screening Tool for Child (ICAST-C)” comprised of 4 domains. Domain of child emotional maltreatment was considered as outcome (CEM-score). The relationship between Parental history of childhood victimization and CEM-Score was measured using linear regression.ResultsThe average CEM-score was came to be 19+5.2 among children whom parental history of childhood victimization was present (P < 0.001). The estimated mean CEM-score increased by 5.59 units (95% CI= {2.61, 8.51}) among children whom parents had a history of childhood victimization (Intergenerational abuse) with severe physical familial abuse.ConclusionThe current study provided evidence on intergenerational transmission of maltreatment suggesting early prevention to break the cycle of child maltreatment through generations. Preventive measures can be taken, once a parental history of childhood victimization has been identified, by providing appropriate services to those families who belong to lower socioeconomic status, where mothers are young, presence of siblings’ rivalry/ bullying and/or violence among family members. However, these factors do not explain a complete causality of the intergenerational transmission therefore additional factors, for instance parenting styles must be taken into consideration. |
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| Keywords: | Intergenerational Transmission Emotional child maltreatment Communities |
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