Child sexual abuse in Indonesia: A systematic review of literature,law and policy |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Human Services and Social Work, and Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Logan Campus, University Drive, Meadowbrook, Queensland 4131, Australia; and Ministry of Social Affairs, Republic of Indonesia;2. School of Human Services and Social Work, and Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Logan Campus, University Drive, Meadowbrook, Queensland 4131, Australia;3. Griffith Asia Institute, Griffith University, Australia;1. Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Box 43011, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States;2. Department of Communication Studies, Sam Houston State University, Box 2299, Huntsville, TX, 77341, United States;1. Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan;2. Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan;1. Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, H3C 3J7, Canada;2. Département de Sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3P8, Canada;1. Universidad San Francisco de Quito-School of Medicine, Edificio de Especialidades Médicas, Hospital de los Valles, Av. Interoceánica Km 12 ½, Cumbayá, Quito, Ecuador;2. University of Minnesota-School of Public Health, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA;3. Fundación Azulado, Río San Pedro E4-226 y Río Chiche, El Arenal – Tumbaco, Quito, Ecuador |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundLike many middle-income countries, knowledge about child sexual abuse (CSA) is limited in Indonesia. The national government has stated a commitment to protect children from the worst forms of abuse, yet the sensitivity of CSA along with the complexity of culture and law, present substantial challenges.ObjectiveThis article reviews current knowledge about CSA in Indonesia, in the context of existing laws and policies that influence CSA prevention and intervention.MethodA systematic review of this research was conducted in the following manner: a review of scholarly literature and grey literature in English (19 papers) and in Bahasa Indonesian (11 papers), and a review of CSA-related Indonesian laws (4 documents) and policies (5 documents).ResultsThis review finds that knowledge about CSA in Indonesia is still limited. The taboos on discussing sexual matters were identified as factors that impede reporting of CSA. Poverty also leads to increasing children’s risk of sexual abuse. There was less attention to CSA occurring within family contexts and focus was more upon its occurrence outside of the family. The study identified that contradictory definitions of children within the law add to children’s vulnerability to CSA; this is especially the case for girls. Current child protection strategies in prevention and intervention lack specific focus on CSA.ConclusionFurther research is needed to enable the development of evidence-based approaches to better harmonize the development of law and policy with contemporary knowledge about CSA. |
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| Keywords: | Child sexual abuse Child abuse Child protection Indonesia |
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