| 利用能量单位评价跑步经济性的有效性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 郜卫峰.利用能量单位评价跑步经济性的有效性研究[J].体育科学,2012,32(5):49-57. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郜卫峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 广西师范学院体育学院,广西南宁530023;北京体育大学研究生院,北京100084 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的:利用便携式肺功能仪,在场地条件下测试中跑运动员4种次极限跑速时的跑步经济性(RE),比较以时间耗氧(ml/kg/min)、距离耗氧(ml/kg/km)和距离耗能(kcal/kg/km)单位评价RE的有效性。方法:10名中跑运动员在标准田径场跑道上完成1次递增负荷测试和1次持续4个回合的恒定负荷测试。通过递增负荷测试获取最大耗氧量(VO2max)和无氧阈(AT),并分别以70%、80%、90%、105%AT强度完成5～10min恒定负荷测试,取稳态耗氧量及相关呼吸指标计算3种不同单位表示时的RE。结果:3种单位表示的RE在两两间均呈现出非常显著的相关关系(P<0.01)。随运动强度的增高,单位时间的耗氧在每级间均显著增高(P<0.05);单位距离的耗氧则无明显变化(P>0.05),且在80%～105%AT强度间出现微弱的降低;单位距离的能耗在70%～90%AT间缓慢增高(P>0.05),但在90%～105%AT间增高显著(P<0.05);呼吸交换率(RER)则在80%～105%AT间出现了不同程度地显著提高(80%～90%AT:P<0.05,90%～105%AT:P<0.01)。结论:无论是时间耗氧单位还是距离耗氧单位,都忽略了底物利用的不同对耗氧量的影响,无法有效评定RE。能量单位更符合RE的本质特征,与运动实践更加相关,是评定RE的有效单位。
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| 关 键 词： | 跑步 经济性 时间耗氧 距离耗氧 距离耗能 代谢底物 呼吸交换率 |
Validity of Running Economy Evaluation by Energy Unit |
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| GAO Wei-feng.Validity of Running Economy Evaluation by Energy Unit[J].China Sport Science,2012,32(5):49-57. |
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| Authors: | GAO Wei-feng |
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| Institution: | GAO Wei-feng1,2 1.College of Physical Education,Guangxi Teachers Education University,Nanning 530023,China;2.Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China |
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| Abstract: | Objective:To verify the validity of three running economy evaluation units,RE across four submaximal speeds was tested on the track with a portable oxygen respiratory function analyzers.Methods:Ten middle-distance runners performed an incremental test to measure maximal oxygen uptake(O2max) and anaerobic threshold(AT),then performed a constant load test that lasted 5~10min with loads respectively at 70%,80%,90% and 105%AT.The RE with different units were calculated according to some steady respiratory indices.Result:The correlationships between three RE expressed by different units were very strong(P<0.01);with the increment of work loads,oxygen uptake per minute(ml/kg/min) increased significantly(P<0.05) and successively;oxygen uptake per distance(ml/kg/km) remained relative steady stage(P>0.05),furthermore there was slight decrement in succession between 80%~105%;energy consumption increased slightly among 70%~90%AT(P>0.05),but experienced a sharp growth(P<0.05) between 90%~105%AT;RER increased significantly between 80% and 90%AT(P<0.05) and between 90% and 105%AT(P<0.01).Conclusion:Both time-oxygen uptake unit and distance-oxygen uptake unit neglect that energy yielded per liter of oxygen is dependent on the substrate metabolized,and can’t evaluate RE effectively,the energy unit reflects the essential feature of RE,is a more valuable expression of RE. |
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| Keywords: | running economy time-oxygen uptake distance-oxygen uptake distance-energy consumption metabolic substrates respiratory exchange ratio |
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