| 封建主义与德意志王权 |
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| 引用本文： | 侯树栋.封建主义与德意志王权[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2005(6):87-93. |
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| 作者姓名： | 侯树栋 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学,历史系,北京,100875 |
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| 摘 要： | 中古时期,德国封建主义的发展具有三个显著特点:一是相对迟缓;二是不完善;三是土地因素重于人身因素。这三个特点对德国王权产生了特殊的影响。具体而言,封建主义的缓慢发展,使王权失去了掌握主动的时机;封建关系的不完善,阻碍了以国王为顶尖的等级金字塔的形成;土地因素的重要,造成了采邑的发达,为诸侯对抗王权提供了物质基础。与西欧其他国度不同,德国的封建主义,对于王权而言,是一种离心的力量;对于诸侯而言,却是一种向心的力量。本应赋予国王以权力优势的封建主义,事实上却削弱了王权。这说明,封建主义在政治上发挥怎样的作用,并不完全取决于它自身,还要看现实的权力结构和历史传统。
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| 关 键 词： | 德意志 封建主义 王权 |
| 文章编号： | 1002-0209（2005）06-0087-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-03-11 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005-03-11 |
Feudalism and German Monarchy |
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| HOU Shu-dong.Feudalism and German Monarchy[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Science Edition),2005(6):87-93. |
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| Authors: | HOU Shu-dong |
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| Institution: | Department of History, BNU, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | Feudalism acquired a series of peculiar features when it developed in medieval Germany, so that the political effects of German feudalism had their own peculiarities as well. German feudalism was a centrifugal force for German monarchy, but centripetal for German princes, because the peculiarities of German feudalism were advantageous to German princes, not to German kings. The main conclusion of this article is that feudalism, in logical view, is beneficial to monarchy, but the realization of this theoretical advantage depends on historical contexts. Actually, the political effects of feudalism in historical process rely on the traditional structure and relation of powers in which feudalism developed, not hinged on feudalism itself. |
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| Keywords: | Germany feudalism monarchy |
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