| 论清代科举制度发展的因革 |
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| 引用本文： | 李兵.论清代科举制度发展的因革[J].教育与考试,2011(6):32-44. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李兵 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南大学岳麓书院,长沙,410082 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社科基金一般资助项目，湖南省社科基金基地委托项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 清代定鼎之初，即宣布采行科举取士之制。沿袭相对较为完善的明朝科举是并不熟悉科举的满洲贵族迅速实现开科取士的便捷之途。在顺治朝建立清代科举制度框架的基础上，经康熙、雍正、乾隆三朝的不断调整与补充，科举制度步入了鼎盛，其缜密与完善程度远超前代。嘉庆、道光朝虽将多项科举制度发展成定制，但受内忧外患之冲击，科举弊端逐渐显露，衰败之势已逐渐显露。咸丰、同治朝，科举已无法沿着其制度之规定正常运作，发展新式教育、改革科举成为晚清有识之士之共识。至光绪朝，清廷虽对科举进行了局部改革，终回天乏力。清廷被迫下诏停废科举。
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| 关 键 词： | 清代 科举 制度 因革 |
The Evolution of Imperial Examination |
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| Li Bing.The Evolution of Imperial Examination[J].Education and Examinations,2011(6):32-44. |
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| Authors: | Li Bing |
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| Abstract: | As soon as the Qing Dynasty is established, The relatively perfect imperial examination evolved from the System in the Qing Dynasty it announces to carry out imperial examination. Ming Dynasty is the short cut for Manzhou no- bles to select talents by different subjects quickly. The system of imperial examination in the Qing Dynasty is established during the reigns of Emperor Shunzhi and improved constantly then. After the three reigns of Emperor Kangxi,Yongzhen and Qianlong, imperial examination reaches a peak, surpassing that in the past. During the reigns of Emperor Jiaqing, Daoguang, although many systems become to be customized, the abuses of imperial examination which is affected by domestic trouble and foreign invasion appears gradually and that it is on the decline becomes apparent. In the reigns of Emperor Xianfeng and Tongzhi, imperial examination can not work normally along its system, and developing new education and reform imperial examination become a common view of scholars in the later Qing Dynasty. Till the reigns of Emperor Guangxu, despite reforming it partly, it is too later and the Qing government is forced to abolish imperial examination. |
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| Keywords: | the Qing Dynasty imperial examination system evolution |
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