| 中国茶叶国际竞争力分析与政策建议 |
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| 引用本文： | 万青,闫逢柱.中国茶叶国际竞争力分析与政策建议[J].资源科学,2006,28(4):118-124. |
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| 作者姓名： | 万青 闫逢柱 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 南京农业大学,南京,210095;皖西学院,六安,237010
2. 皖西学院,六安,237010 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文运用FAO的统计资料，利用国际市场占有率、显示性比较优势、生产者价格指数3个显性评价指标和单产这个隐性评价指标，测算了20世纪80年代以来中国与印度、斯里兰卡、肯尼亚和印尼茶叶的国际竞争力变化。分析表明，中国茶叶在4个评价指标上基本处于劣势地位,尤其表现在显示性比较优势、生产者价格指数和单产3个指标上。本文基于波特教授的“国家钻石”模型中国际竞争力的5个决定因素，提出提升中国茶叶国际竞争力的相应对策与建议:①在要素禀赋层面，重点解决低下的要素的生产率问题，要创造新的生产要素并将之导入茶叶产业;②在公司层面，要顺应国际茶叶竞争潮流，推行联合规模经营，走名茶名牌之路;③在关联产业层面，要积极发展专业化生产，为茶叶生产提供专业性的生产资料;④在需求层面，要在稳固传统市场的基础上，大力开拓新兴市场，降低出口市场的集中度;⑤在政府层面，要明确在WTO框架下的职能边界，重点解决好茶叶的标准化问题，从源头和末端对混乱的茶叶出口秩序进行有效的治理。与其它4个层面相比，对茶叶产业而言，政府的行为可能更为关键，因为中国的实际情况决定了这一点。
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| 关 键 词： | 中国茶叶 国际竞争力 "国家钻石"模型 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588(2006)04-0118-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-10-21 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-01-10 |
International Competitiveness of Chinese Tea Industry and Policy Implications |
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| WAN Qing and YAN Feng-zhu.International Competitiveness of Chinese Tea Industry and Policy Implications[J].Resources Science,2006,28(4):118-124. |
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| Authors: | WAN Qing and YAN Feng-zhu |
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| Institution: | 1. Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China;2. West Anhui University, Luan 237010, China |
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| Abstract: | The tea industry in China is a traditionally advantaged industry.However,the competitiveness of the Chinese tea in international market has been descending continuously since 1980's and challenged by India,Kenya,Sri Lanka and Indonesia etc.This paper makes use of the statistical data from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,by such dominant evaluation index as possession rate of international market,revealed comparative advantage index and producer's price index and its recessive evaluation index-yield of per unit area,to measure and calculate the variety of international competitiveness of tea in China,India,Sri Lanka,Kenya and Indonesia since 1980's.It has been reached the conclusion that the position of Chinese tea is basically weak on the four evaluation indexes,and obvious in revealed comparative advantage index,producer's price index and yield of per unit area.Based on empirical analysis and the five decisive factors of international competitiveness in Prof.Porter's National Diamond Model,the article puts forward the countermeasures and proposals to promote the international competitiveness of Chinese tea at the five levels of factor endowment,corporation strategy,related industry,demand factor and governmental behavior.At the level of factor endowment,emphasis should be put on the solution to the low rate of production.The new production factor should be introduced to the tea industry.at the level of corporation strategy,the tendency of the international tea competitiveness should be acclimated,and the united scale management should be promoted to seek a famous brand of famous tea.At the level of demand factor,based on the firmness of the traditional market,the newly arisen market should be expanded strongly and the concentration degree of the export market should be lowered.At the level of related industry,specialized production should be developed actively and provide the specialized productive material for tea production.At the level of the government,the boundary of administrative duty and function should be made clear within the framework of World Trade Organization.Emphasis should be put on the solution to the tea standardization,to regulate effectively tea export disorder from the sources and ends.Governmental behavior may be more critical compared with the four of the other countries,because the actual circumstance of China comes to the decision in the tea industry. |
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| Keywords: | Chinese tea International competitiveness National Diamond Model Promotion |
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