| 水泥生产碳排放测算的国内外方法比较及借鉴 |
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| 引用本文： | 魏丹青,赵建安,金迁致.水泥生产碳排放测算的国内外方法比较及借鉴[J].资源科学,2012,34(6):1152-1159. |
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| 作者姓名： | 魏丹青 赵建安 金迁致 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 中国科学院研究生院,北京100049
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院先导项目:“水泥生产的碳排放”(编号:XDA05010400)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 进行国内外水泥生产碳排放测算方法比较分析,对制定中国水泥碳排放测算标准具有重要借鉴价值。本文在详细研究国内外相关标准和体系的基础上,从水泥生产碳排放测算的运营边界与范围、工艺排放、燃料排放、间接排放4个方面,对相关的方法进行了比较分析和准确性及适用性的讨论,并得到以下结论：①各标准和体系的整体框架和计算过程大致相同,而在运营边界的范围、排放过程中的具体计算方法以及CO2排放系数上存在差异;②运营边界的范围一般参考WBCSD-CS《I水泥行业二氧化碳减排议定书》,各国可根据实际情况来选择报告选项;③水泥生产工艺CO2排放计算熟料法和生料法理论上是等同的,在国家层面的计算一般采用熟料法;④燃料燃烧CO2排放的计算方法一般依据物料平衡法中的发热值来计算,我国应采用低位发热值来计算;⑤间接排放在国家层面只计算外购电力的二氧化碳排放和余热发电项目的抵减量。在上述基础上,本文提出了构建我国水泥生产碳排放系数体系的基本测算流程,并对下一步的研究方向进行了探讨。
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| 关 键 词： | 水泥 二氧化碳 排放系数 测算方法 |
Comparison of Domestic and International Calculation Methods of CO2 Emission from Cement Production and the Enlightenments for China |
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| WEI Danqing,ZHAO Jian’an,JIN Qianzhi.Comparison of Domestic and International Calculation Methods of CO2 Emission from Cement Production and the Enlightenments for China[J].Resources Science,2012,34(6):1152-1159. |
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| Authors: | WEI Danqing ZHAO Jian’an JIN Qianzhi |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | The comparison of domestic and international calculation methods of CO2 emission from cement production has important reference value for establishing national calculation standards of CO2 emission from cement production. At present, international organizations like Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)and World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WDCSD) have promulgated a series of universally applicable methods, and a number of developed countries have also proposed their own calculation systems. In this paper, we first briefly introduced the domestic and international calculation methods of CO2 emission from cement production, and performed a comparison of these methods from four aspects, including operational boundaries, raw material calcination emissions, fuel combustion emissions and indirect emissions. Then we made a discussion about the accuracy and applicability of those methods. The conclusions are as follows: 1) Those systems are approximately same in the framework of calculation process, but there are differences in operational boundaries, calculating methods and CO2 emission factors; 2) WBCSD-Cement Sustainability Initiative provides the methods of setting operational boundaries for countries or enterprises to choose the scope of accounting and reporting; 3) On plant level, calcination CO2 can be calculated in two ways: based on the quantity and composition of the raw mix consumed or based on the clinker produced plus discarded dust. The two approaches are, in theory, equivalent. On country level, the latter approach is usually adopted; 4) CO2 from fossil kiln fuels (coal, fuel oil and natural gas) is calculated based on fuel consumption, net calorific values, and CO2 emission factors. For China, low calorific value is applicable; 5) On country level, the emissions of external production of electricity consumption should be included in the gross emissions, while indirect emission savings such as heat and power exports should be subtracted from the total. On the basis of the above, we finally put forward the primary calculation process for establishing national CO2 emission factor system of cement production, and then discuss the further research direction. The research results are hopeful to provide a scientific basis for compiling national greenhouse gas inventory of cement production and calculating CO2 emissions of different provinces in China. |
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| Keywords: | Cement Carbon dioxide Emission factor Calculation method |
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