| 农民工人力资本与城市融入的实证分析——以陕西籍农民工为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 金崇芳.农民工人力资本与城市融入的实证分析——以陕西籍农民工为例[J].资源科学,2011,33(11):2131-2137. |
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| 作者姓名： | 金崇芳 |
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| 作者单位： | 西安财经学院,西安,710100 |
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| 基金项目： | 陕西省科技厅科技计划项目：“陕西农村剩余劳动力人力资本问题研究”(编号：2010KRM87）；西安社会科学规划项目：“社会转型中的新生代农民工心理适应问题研究”(编号：10x42）；陕西省科技厅科技计划项目：“陕西省新生代农民工市民化政策的绩效评价及优化研究”(编号：2011KRM66）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 农民工是我国改革开放以来最重要的人力资源，为国家工业化和城市化发展做出了历史性贡献。从资源经济学角度看，人力资源的质量，即人力资本，是影响农民工融入城市的重要因素，受到政府和学术界越来越多的重视。本文在论述构建农民工人力资本与城市融入基本概念和基本假设基础上，以陕西籍农民工为例，从人力资本角度，对农民工城市融入状况进行了实证调查。分析结果表明：农民工人力资本中的健康状况、教育程度、劳动技能对城市融入各维度均有显著影响；工作年限对城市融入的社会融入维度有显著影响。因此，建议政府和社会各界积极采取有效措施，充分提升农民工的人力资本质量，以便帮助农民工更好地融入城市生活，加快我国城市化的健康发展，推动和谐社会的建设。
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| 关 键 词： | 农民工 人力资本 城市融入 |
An Empirical Analysis of Human Capital of Peasant Workers and Their Urban Living Integration: A Case Study of Peasant Workers in Shaanxi Province |
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| JIN Chongfang.An Empirical Analysis of Human Capital of Peasant Workers and Their Urban Living Integration: A Case Study of Peasant Workers in Shaanxi Province[J].Resources Science,2011,33(11):2131-2137. |
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| Authors: | JIN Chongfang |
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| Institution: | Xi'an University of Finance and Economics, Xi'an 710100, China |
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| Abstract: | Peasant workers are the most vital human resource since China's reform and opening up policy. They have made a historic contribution to China's industrialization and urbanization. However, as the regulations of China's economic structure, change in demand for labors, and the restriction of educational degree and labor skills or some other human capital factors, the vast majority of peasant workers is still in the edge and bottom of cities. They are primarily engaged in long-term, low-tech, low wages, and poor accommodation occupation, with full realization of their political status, economic rights, and social rights subject to many limitations. Causes for difficulties of peasant workers'integration into the mainstream of cities and the society and how the peasant workers share and enjoy achievements and civilization of reform and development with city dwellers are the important issues being paid much attention and to be addressed in China's society. From the perspective of resource economics, the quality of human resources, i.e., human capital, becomes an important factor of peasant workers'integration into the urban life. This study laid the foundation of basic concepts and assumptions on building peasant workers'human capital and their urban living integration by investigating the case of peasant workers in Shaanxi Province from economic, social, and psychological/cultural dimensions. Results show that the elements of health, education, and labor skills in the human capital of peasant workers were significantly affected the dimension of their integration into cities. Work experience has a significant influence on the urban dimension of social integration, and shows a less effect on economic and psychological/cultural integration. This means that peasant workers in good health, on the one hand, are able to avoid spending much in city's medical costs; on the other hand, they can obtain more job opportunities which help them more easily to be integrated into urban society. Higher educational peasant workers have opportunities to work in a higher social status, and have strong capability to learn and adapt more easily to the new environment. Peasant workers who have expertise can easily access to stable employment and gain higher income in the labor market, and ultimately be recognized by urban residents. It was suggested that the government and community take effective measures to fully enhance the quality of human capital of peasant workers and to help them integrate into urban life better, which can finally accelerate the healthy development of urbanization and promote the construction of a harmonious society in China. |
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| Keywords: | Peasant worker Human capital Urban living integration |
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