| “跑”字小考 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈念波.“跑”字小考[J].桂林师范高等专科学校学报,2009,23(1):88-90. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈念波 |
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| 作者单位： | 深圳大学,文学院,广东,深圳,518060 |
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| 摘 要： | “跑”字二音二义，阳平pao表兽足刨地，上声pao意为“急走”。音义分别，本不该相混。然今人多“只知其一、不知其二”，见了“虎跑泉”便念“虎pao泉”，此种误读之普遍，反映了我们语音史、词汇史研究在“跑”字上的缺位，以致诸多大型权威字典、词典等工具书普遍失误。阳平表兽足刨地之“跑”，是早在汉代产生的老词，上声之意为“急走”pao，是晚至元代才出现的一个新词。这个问题不解决好，也会直接影响到对古代文学作品的理解和文学史的表述。
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| 关 键 词： | “跑”字 《边将》诗 权威字词典 平仄格律 |
A Textual Criticism on "Pao" |
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| Chen Nianbo.A Textual Criticism on "Pao"[J].Journal of Guilin College of Education,2009,23(1):88-90. |
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| Authors: | Chen Nianbo |
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| Institution: | College of Arts;Shenzhen University;Shenzhen;Guangdong 518060 |
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| Abstract: | ＂Pao＂ is an ambiguous Chinese character with two sets of pronunciation. When being pronounced ＂pao＂ （a rising tone, the second of the four tones in modern standard Chinese）, it refers to ＂beasts scratching the earth with feet＂ ; while being pronounced ＂pao＂ （a falling-rising tone, the third of the four tones in modern standard Chinese）, it means ＂scurrying＂. Since the two sets of pronunciation and the relevant meaning of ＂pao＂ are totally different, we should pay special attention to those differences. However, nowadays people are merely aware of one aspect of the pronunciation-and-meaning combination and ignorant of the other one. For instance, they pronounce it like ＂Hu pao Spring＂ when they actually point at ＂Hu Pao Spring＂; and even reference books such as some large-scale authoritative dictionaries fail to avoid these misunderstandings. This kind of problem suggests the insufficiency in the study of Chinese pronunciation and vocabulary, where there remains unsolved linguistic conundrums to be studied. According to her research, the rising tone, ＂pao＂, is a word dating back to Han Dynasty; while the falling-rising tone, ＂pao＂, only appeared in Yuan Dynasty. If the misunderstanding cannot be dealt with properly, it will make some negative impacts on the appreciation of the literature in the ancient times and the history of Chinese literature directly. |
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| Keywords: | "pao" Bian Jiang authority dictionary level or oblique tone rules and forms of classical poetic composition |
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