Acetylation Pharmacogenetics and Renal Function in Diabetes Mellitus Patients |
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| Authors: | S O Banjoko K S Akinlade |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria;(2) Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria |
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| Abstract: | Activities of human hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes N-acetyl transferase (NATS) had earlier been recognized as a cause of inter-individual variation in the metabolism of drugs.
Therefore acetylation of many drugs in human exhibit genetic polymorphism. The aim of the study was to investigate if acetylator
status predispose diabetic mellitus patients more to the complications of renal disease, One hundred and twenty (120) diabetics
consisting of (50) Type 1 (T1) and 70 Type 2 (T2) diabetes mellitus patients and 100 healthy individuals as controls were classified as slow or rapid acetylator using sulphamethazine
(SMZ) as an in vivo probe. The percentage acetylation, recovery of SMZ, creatinine clearance and presence of urinary albumin
were determined. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in the percentage of SMZ acetylated between slow and rapid acetylators in control, T1 and T2 subjects. The ratios of slow to rapid acetylators for T1, T2 and control subjects were 1:4, 3:2 and 2:3 respectively. No significant differences were observed in the percentage of SMZ
recovered in the urine of slow and rapid acetylators that are diabetics. The difference in creatinine clearance of slow and
rapid acetylators in T1 and T2 were significant (P < 0.05). 29% out of 120 (24.2%) diabetics (T1 and T2) exhibited albuminuria out of which 25 (86.2%) had slow acetylator status. These findings suggest that slow acetylator status
in diabetes mellitus could be a predisposing factor in the development of renal complications. This underscores the need for
a rapid pharmacogenetic testing and therapeutic drug monitoring in such patients. However this inference could be further
validated with a larger sample size. |
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| Keywords: | Diabetes mellitus Pharmacogenetics Toxicity Renal function |
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