Parameter study using a finite element simulation of a carving Alpine ski to investigate the turn radius and its dependence on edging angle,load, and snow properties |
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| Authors: | Peter Federolf Anton Lüthi Markus Roos Jürg Dual |
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| Institution: | (1) Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada;(2) WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland;(3) Institute of Computational Physics, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland;(4) Institute of Mechanical Systems, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | For ski manufacturers, it is important to know how a given ski-binding system performs under different loading conditions.
Important performance parameters are the ski deformation and the resulting turn radius. This study focuses on carving turns. The aims of this study were: (1) to investigate the dependence of the turn radius on edging angle, load on the binding,
and snow hardness using a finite element (FE) simulation, and (2) to compare the results with predictions of a frequently
used model introduced by Howe. The FE simulation used a quasi-static approach (similar to Howe’s model), but the ski–snow
interaction model incorporated the groove that forms in the snow during a carved turn. Up to edging angles of 40°, the results
of the FE simulation agreed well with Howe’s model. However, for large edging angles (>50°) the calculated turn radius leveled
out, whereas Howe’s model tends to zero. This effect was more pronounced for soft snow than for hard snow conditions. Increasing
forces on the binding caused a decrease in the calculated turn radii. In summary, the FE simulation showed that particularly
at large edging angles the groove in the snow needs to be considered in models of the ski–snow interaction or in computations
of the turn radius. |
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