| 心理健康的城乡跨文化心理学实证研究十年成果综述 |
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| 引用本文： | 张海钟.心理健康的城乡跨文化心理学实证研究十年成果综述[J].赣南师范学院学报,2006,27(1):45-51. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张海钟 |
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| 作者单位： | 河西学院,教育学系,甘肃,张掖,734000;西北师范大学,教育学院,兰州,730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 甘肃省教育厅2004科研项目(编号048-06) |
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| 摘 要： | 检阅1994/2004年CNKI数据库中收录的心理学类论文,发现有600多篇涉及城市和乡村人群的心理比较研究。内容涉及到不同年龄、不同地区城乡人群的认知、情感、智力、气质、人格、心理发展、心理健康、攻击行为、亲社会行为、自杀、自我意识、学习动机、学习障碍等心理学领域,其中以心理健康和智力、人格比较研究者居多。这些研究只有6篇以城乡比较为标题,其他都是因为某一课题研究的抽样涉及城市和农村,才进行了比较。通过对这些研究成果进行综述,我们认为,建立一门城乡跨文化心理学是必要的。之所以命名为跨文化心理学,是为了回避比较心理学(人和动物心理的比较研究)和差异心理学(性别心理差异和个性差异的比较研究),同时,试图表明,城市和乡村是两种不同的文化,应当把城乡跨文化心理学纳入跨文化心理学的研究范围。中国是一个农业大国,农村人口占全国人口的的很大比重,开展城乡比较研究是建设小康社会的必要,也是心理学本土化的必然要求。
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| 关 键 词： | 中国 城市 乡村 心理健康 跨文化 |
| 文章编号： | 1004-8332（2006）01-0045-07 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-07-31 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005年7月31日 |
Study on Mental Health of Cross-cultural Psychology for Cities and Villages |
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| ZHANG Hai-zhong.Study on Mental Health of Cross-cultural Psychology for Cities and Villages[J].Journal of Gannan Teachers' College(Social Science(2)),2006,27(1):45-51. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Hai-zhong |
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| Institution: | 1. Hexi University, Zhangyer 734000, China ; 2. Coollege of the Educational Science Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China |
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| Abstract: | When reviewing the psychological theses recorded in CNKI DATA bank(1994-2004),we found that more than 600 papers are related to the psychological comparative study between the people both in cities and rural areas.And their contents involve cognition,emotion,intelligence,qualities,personalities,psychological development,mental health,aggressive behaviors,pro-society behaviors,suicides,self-consciousness,learning motivation and obstacles and the other fields of psychology.Among these theses,the study on the mental health,intelligence and personalities are in the majority.There are only 6 of them titled with the comparison between people of cities and villages,and the others do the study just for the samples of certain topics.By conclusion,these achievements,we found that,in the past decade,Chinese psychology and psychological medicine have taken the source of samples as the important independent variable;as to the researchers,most of them are the teachers in high normal schools,or the doctors in medical organizations;as to the methods,most of the scholars adopt the SCL-90 symptoms self-evaluating charts,and the others adopt the questionnaires of psychological pressures for university students,the CSSMSS and the optional questionnaires;as to the subjects of the study,they investigate the students of both universities and middle schools,and then the children,the old and the mid-aged people;as to the regional source of subjects,most of them are those "so-called" rural students who live in cities,and there are only 2 investigations for interviewing farmers;as to the statistics,they all use SPSS;as to the results,most of them are different.Many of the results have not been compared with each other.So we think it is necessary to set up inter-cultural psychological study.The reason why it is called inter-cultural psychology is to avoid the comparative psychology(the comparative study between human beings and animals) and divergence psychology(the comparative study between the divergence of sex psychology and personalities),and the two different kinds of cultures of cities and villages ought to be brought into the urban and rural inter-cultural psychology.As we know,China is an agricultural country,and the agricultural population constitutes a large portion of the whole country.As a result,to develop the comparative study between cities and villages is not only the necessity for building up a well-off society,but also for the local indigenization of psychology. |
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| Keywords: | China city villages psychological health cross-culture comparison |
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