There and back again: Revisiting Vannevar Bush,the linear model,and the freedom of science |
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| Institution: | 1. Industrial Systems Engineering & Management, National University of Singapore, Collect of Design and Engineering, Block E1A, #06-25, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore;2. MIS Department, Faculté des sciences de l''administration, Université Laval Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;3. Department of Strategic Management & Entrepreneurship, Rotterdam School of Management, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062PA Rotterdam, the Netherlands;4. Institute for Engineering Leadership, National University of Singapore, #05-49, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore;1. University of Liverpool Management School, United Kingdom;2. Department of Strategy and Innovation, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark;1. ESMT Berlin, Germany;2. Sternitzke Ventures UG, Germany;3. University of Würzburg, Germany;1. Pennsylvania State University, Smeal College of Business, United States of America;2. George Mason University, School of Business, United States of America |
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| Abstract: | Despite its age, Vannevar Bushs Science: The Endless Frontier has remained a touchstone for science funding policy discussions. More specifically, many claim that Bush ushered in a new ‘social contract’ that allowed scientists to freely choose projects in accordance with their own interests while promising deliverables for the society that funds scientific institutions. Despite the prominence of The Endless Frontier, there are countless interpretations of its argumentative structure. Building off others, I develop an interpretation of how the linear model relates to the freedom of science in SEF. I critically assess this view and argue that it provides a valuable starting point for a social contract for the 21st century. To accomplish this, I clarify Bush's stance on the linear model and show that it bypasses the most common objections against its plausibility, consider the relationship between Bush's conception of the freedom of science and the rise of citizen science, and articulate a more nuanced approach to government intervention in research priority setting. |
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