| 中国人才生态环境对高学历人才集聚效应影响分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张波,丁金宏.中国人才生态环境对高学历人才集聚效应影响分析[J].科研管理,2022,43(12):24-33. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张波 丁金宏 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.上海政法学院政府管理学院，上海201701；
2.华东师范大学人口研究所，上海200241 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金重大项目:“胡焕庸线稳定性与中国人口均衡发展战略研究”（18ZDA132，2018.09—2021.12）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 人才的竞争实质是生态环境的竞争，分析人才生态环境及各子系统对高端人才聚集的差异化效应对科学制定人才政策具有重要指导价值。本研究基于2000—2018年中国31个省份高学历人才数据，以人才生态环境指数和高学历人才聚集效应为核心指标，运用熵权法、因子分析法、OLS回归模型等方法，分析中国高学历人才聚集状况及演变特征，实证检验人才生态环境及各子系统对高学历人才聚集效应的影响，并评估各省份人才生态环境。结果发现：（1）京沪津是中国高学历人才高度聚集区，西部尤其西南地区是人才薄弱区，二者的人才聚集力差异总体偏大，但已经呈现出缩小趋势；（2）人才生态环境对高学历人才集聚效应具有显著影响，且总体呈现先增后降再增的N型减弱态势；（3）人才生态环境的各子系统对高学历人才集聚效应的影响呈现出差异性与变动性，其中地区经济发展环境、创新环境、社会文化环境对高学历人才聚集效应影响较大但出现减弱，生活服务环境尤其是房价对高学历人才聚集效应影响逐步增强，人才市场环境对高学历人才集聚效应存在影响但并不稳定；（4）北上广是中国人才生态环境最优省份，长三角地区是最优区域，中西部地区则相对较弱，区域间人才生态环境极差在持续扩大，且各省份人才生态环境优劣势表现明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 生态环境 高学历人才 影响因素 综合评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-22 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-10-22 |
An analysis of the impact of the talent ecological environment on the agglomerationeffect of highly educated talents in China |
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| Zhang Bo,Ding Jinhong.An analysis of the impact of the talent ecological environment on the agglomerationeffect of highly educated talents in China[J].Science Research Management,2022,43(12):24-33. |
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| Authors: | Zhang Bo Ding Jinhong |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Government Administration, Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 201701, China;
2. Institute of Population Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China |
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| Abstract: | The essence of competition for talent is the competition of ecological environment, and analyzing the difference effect of talent ecological environment and its subsystems on the aggregation of highly educated talents has important guiding value for scientifically formulating talent policies. Based on the data of highly educated talents in 31 provincial-level regions of China from 2000 to 2018, this paper analyzes the aggregation and change characteristics of highly educated talents in China, empirically tests the impact of talent ecological environment and its subsystems on the aggregation of highly educated talents and finally evaluates the talent ecological environment of different provincial-level regions by using entropy method, factor analysis, OLS regression model and taking the talent ecological environment index and the aggregation effect of highly educated talents as the core indicators. The results show that: (1) Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin are highly concentrated areas for highly educated talents in China. The west, especially the southwest region, is a weak area. The difference in talent gathering power between the two is generally large, but it has shown a shrinking trend. (2) The talent ecological environment has a significant impact on the agglomeration effect of highly educated talents, and generally shows the N-type weakening trend of first increasing, then decreasing and then increasing. (3) The impact of talent ecological environment subsystems on the agglomeration effect of highly educated talents shows differences and variability. Among them, the regional economic development environment, innovation environment, social and cultural environment have a greater impact on the agglomeration effect of highly educated talents, but appear to be weakened, the impact the of living service environment especially housing price is gradually strengthened, and the talent market environment has an impact, but it is not stable. (4) Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong are the best provincial-level regions for a talent ecological environment in China. The Yangtze River Delta is the best area. The midwest is relatively weak. The range in the talent ecological environment between regions is expanding, and the advantages and disadvantages of the talent ecological environment in various provincial-level regions are obvious.The above research conclusions have important guiding significance for talent policy-making in different regions. First, due to the scarcity of high-end talent resources, the competitiveness of the advantaged areas in the ecological environment for talents will not weaken in the short term. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the ecological environment of the weak areas with the help of national macro policies, support attracting more high-end talents, and adjust the unbalanced distribution of high-end talents in various regions. Second, due to the inherent differences in the economic and technological environment of various regions, the regions with weak talents need to gather high-end talents to develop their economy, but their own ecological environment for talents is not enough to attract high-end talents. Therefore, this requires appropriate administrative tools to adjust market attractiveness. Third, each region should improve the comprehensive environmental index according to its own advantages and disadvantages of the talent ecological environment to attract high-end talents, instead of blindly participating in "the battle for talents". |
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| Keywords: | ecological environment highly educated talent influencing factor comprehensive evaluation |
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